Lesson 68 Persistent
一、教学重点 1、复习书信写作 二、教学步骤
1、引入话题（详见右框）。2’ 2、听一遍音频，掌握大意。5’
① Did Elizabeth try to avoid meeting Nigel Dykes or not? ② Did he always insist on accompanying her or not? ③ Where did she tell him she was going? 3、生词解读，纠正发音。10’
4、提出问题：Why did he say he would come with her? 看一遍视频，解答问题。3’
5、精讲课文，板书和笔记（详见下文）。20’ 【第二节课】 引入话题： 1、做311页的两道选择理解题。5’ Do you have many friends and 2、朗读课文。10’ what do you usually do in 3、复习句型（详见下文）。10’ your free time? 4、做309页关于句型的练习。15’ 5、绕口令。10’ 【第三节课】
1、讲解310页的难点。10’ 2、听写单词，记忆法指点。10’ 3、听英文歌曲。8’ 4、看图背课文比赛。20’
5、总结本课重点，让学生标注（详见上文）。1’
6、布置作业：摘要写作，311页的选择题，背课文和单词。1’ 三、单词讲解
1. persistent
1） （人，行为）不屈不饶的；执拗的，顽固的 persistent efforts
eg. He was persistent in his question.他一直追问到底。 2）（事物）持久的，不断的（lasting） persistent rain persistent pain persistent noise persistent backache persist [pə'sist] v.
persist in sth/doing…坚持，执意
eg. Does he always persist in his opinion like that? eg. She persisted in taking her dog with her.
eg. He will persist in riding that dreadful bicycle. eg. He persists in believing that he was right.
persistence n.[u.不可数名词]坚持不懈,执意,持续 eg. His persistence touches me. 2. avoid v.避开,躲避;避免,预防 Avoid + n./doing
eg. Fortunately, we were able to avoid an accident. eg. The car turned to the left to avoid a collision. eg. He crossed the street to avoid seeing me. eg. Try to avoid driving in rush hours. avoid sb/ sth like the plague. 极力回避，尽早躲开
avoidable adj.可避免的 v. + able 可…了,能够… lovable 可爱的 washable 耐洗的 acceptable understandable
n. + able ------> adj. comfortable / agreeable miserable / suitable 3. insist v.坚持做 insist on sth/ doing
坚持或坚决要求（某事物）
insist that sb (should) do …
eg. I insist on your coming with us.
eg. I insist that you (should) go with us. eg. He insisted that I (should) apologize. eg. He insisted on going swimming. insist v.坚持说，坚信，固执的声称 eg. She insisted that she was innocent. eg. I insisted that I hadn’t done that. insistent adj.坚持的，不容拒绝或反对的 insistence n.[u]
insistence on/ about sth 区别 insist on/persist in stick to/keep on insist on n./doing
坚持要求，坚持认为（要求，看法，主张，意见） eg. She insisted on her opinion at the meeting. eg. She insisted on going with us. insist + that 从句有两种情况： 1）“坚决认为，说”，从句用陈述语气。
eg. The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel. 2) ‘坚决要，坚决要求’，从句用虚拟语气。 eg. He insisted that she (should) leave.
persist in n./doing表示对某种活动坚持不懈或某种信念不改，固执 eg. He insisted on playing golf.(玩了没有，不知道。)
eg. He persisted in practicing golf for an hour.(坚持练了一小时，动作已发生) stick to n./doing坚持不放弃愿望，原则，决定，诺言，理想…
eg. We should stick to the study of Marxism-Leninism.马克思列宁主义 eg. Stick to it!
keep on : continue to do (“on”是adv.”继续”之意)
eg. We kept on working although we are tired.
eg. Keep on practicing and you’ll speak English well. 四. 语法
Key Structures----动名词的应用 1.动名词作动词宾语 avoid doing sth enjoy doing sth deny doing sth fancy doing sth
以下动词常跟动名词作宾语：
admit appreciate avoid complete delay deny enjoy fancy finishmind stand practise resent risk suggest allow permit eg. He always avoids traveling during rush hours. eg. He enjoys playing football. eg. He completely denies taking it. eg. Fancy meeting you here.
eg. Would you mind opening the window? eg. I don’t mind waiting.
eg. I can’t stand people shouting and pushing. 2.固定结构：
It’s no use doing…
eg. It’s no use crying over spilt milk. It’s worth doing… It’s not worth doing…
eg. It’s not worth worrying about. be busy doing
’t you see I’m busy writing? do some shopping do some washing
3.动名词的逻辑主语的表达形式
eg. Would you mind opening the window? eg. Would you mind my opening the window? eg. Do you mind smoking? eg. Do you mind my smoking?
eg. Fancy writing a letter like that! eg. Fancy her writing a letter like that!
eg. His leaving is a great loss. eg. Mother dislikes my working late.
eg. John’s having seen her did not make her worried. 现在分词与动名词的比较： , hear, smell, notice
see, hear, smell, notice…sb doing see, hear, smell, notice…sb do see, hear, smell, notice…sb done eg. I saw him coming.
eg. He heard me opening the door. eg. I can smell something burning.
eg. I heard him singing in the next room. 5. go 与come 加现在分词： go dancing go swimming go riding go shopping go skating go skiing
eg. Let’s go dancing.
eg. I went shopping this morning. eg. Come swimming with me tomorrow. 四、课文精讲
1. I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me.
avoid doing…
avoid making the same mistake running 是现在分词作状语
2. It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. It’s no use + (v-ing 短语是真正的主语，it作形式主语) eg. It’s no use complaining about it. pretend that…
eg. He pretended that he was working hard. pretend to do…
eg. He pretended to be dead when he met a bear. pretend to be doing…
eg. The boys pretended to be sleeping. wave to sb
eg. I waved a greeting to the teacher.我挥手向老师问好 eg. I waved him goodbye.我挥手向他道别。 eg. I waved him out.我挥手叫他出去。 eg. I waved him back.我挥手叫他回来。
3. I never enjoy meeting Nigel Dykes. He never has anything to do.
1) enjoy doing
2) 连用两个never，表示强烈的感情色彩 3) anything(to do),不定式修饰anything。
4. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. no matter how (what , which , who , where , when ) 无论如何（什么，哪一个，谁，何地，何时）
eg. No matter what happens (may happen), don’t be discouraged. insist on doing…
5. I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning. think of a way of doing…
prevent sb (from) doing阻止某人做某事
或者可以说 stop sb (from) doing阻止某人做某事
keep sb from doing阻止某人做某事 （这里的from不能省略） eg. Her sudden arrival prevented him from going out.
eg. Their prompt actions prevented the fire from spreading. prevention n.
eg. Prevention is better than cure.(谚)预防胜于治疗。 preventive adj.预防的,防止的
preventive measures against fire 防火措施 preventive medicine 预防医学
preventing与following为动名词,作介词宾语。
6. 'Hello, Nigel,' I said. 'Fancy meeting you here!' fancy想象
fancy + 宾语 + as/to be
eg. I can’t fancy him as/to be an English teacher. fancy doing …想象（某人）做…
eg. Fancy George reading such difficult books! fancy that…
eg. I fancy (that) I have met her somewhere. fancy n.空想，幻想 fancy （是非现实的）
imagination （是既现实又实际的） products of fancy 空想产物
eg. He shut himself in a world of idle fancy. 他把自己关在捕风捉影的幻想世界中 fancy adj.精致的,花哨的
eg. These shoes are too fancy for me. a fancy tie 精致的领带 a fancy dress化装用的服装 a fancy party化妆舞会
7. 'Hi, Elizabeth,' Nigel answered. 'I was just wondering how to spend the morning -- until I saw you.
how to do …做wonder的宾语
8. You’re not busy doing anything, are you?'
be busy (in) doing 反义疑问句：
是以附加疑问句的形式对肯定陈述句或否定陈述句作出的一种回应。日常会话中经常用反意疑问句询问进一步的情况，以求确认，或者表示兴趣，关心，愤怒，惊讶，不相信，怀疑等，或表示正在聆听谈话。
1）当表示请求提供更多的情况，表示兴趣时，用升调。 —I’ve just won £500！ —Have you？
2）当表示进一步证实可能已知或已经猜到的事情，用降调。 eg. He’s made a bad mistake, hasn’t he? eg. You’re not busy doing anything, are you?
9. 'No, not at all,' I answered. 'I'm going to...' not at all 根部不
eg. I don’t like maths at all.我根部不喜欢数学 eg. There is nothing to eat at all.
10. 'Would you mind my coming with you?' coming为动名词， my为逻辑主语。 对比：Would you mind coming with me?
11. He asked, before I had finished speaking. finish doing…
12. 'Not at all,' I lied, 'but I'm going to the dentist.' lie 说谎
v. lie-lied-lied-lying n. tell a lie tell sb a lie
a white lie 善意的谎话 a black lie 恶意的谎话
13. 'Then I'll come with you,' he answered. 'There's always plenty to read in the waiting room!
plenty (to read)不定式作定语 waiting room 候诊室；候车室
（waiting为动名词作定语，表某种功能） 对比：a waiting car
（现在分词作定语，表动作正在进行）
