大学英语四级考试

大 学 英 语 四 级 考 试 应答技巧和策略

应用英语系

刘 然

一、如何备考 1．准备的材料：

1）《大学英语四级词汇》一册

2）《大学英语四级模拟题或实考题》1-2册

（复旦大学出版社、上海交大出版社、上海外语教育出版社、北大出版社、高教出版社、中国科技大学出版社等出版的题集）

2．应做的准备：

1）每周至少做一套模拟题。 2）每周写一篇作文。 3）每天至少听一小时的英语。

4）考试前背10篇左右的范文。

二、考试大纲（2007） 测试内容 测试题型 比例 听力 短对话 多项选择 15% 听力 对话 长对话 多项选择 35% 理解 听力短文 多项选择 20% 阅读 理解 仔细阅读 快速阅读 复合式听写 多项选择 25% 选词填空或 简答题 是非判断10% +句子填空或其它 多项选择 10% 短文写作 汉译英 35% 完型 填空 写作 和翻 译 完型填空 写作 翻译 10% 15% 20% 5%

三、考试技巧

PartⅡ Reading Comprehension (10%)

(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

快速阅读的主要目的是在较短的时间内快速获取大量信息。Skimming（略读）：理解文章的主题和大意，不必进行复杂的推理和判断。Scanning（寻读）（带着问题寻找答案的阅读）：以题目中的信号词或核心词为线索，快速找到文章中的相关段落来判断题目的答案。

快速阅读的宗旨是：不必逐字逐句地读，不用完全理解每个单词的意思，不必阅读完整篇文章，不须将全文读完之后再回答问题。

快速阅读的出题顺序基本上是以文章相关段落的自然顺序相同，因而，在做题时也应按照先后顺序来查找答案。

快速阅读的三种题型 （每次只出两种题型）： 1．正、误判断题型答题技巧 1）浏览大、小标题和各段的第1、2 句，了解全文的中心思想和大意；

2）仔细阅读各项题目，找出题目中 的关键词或话题；

3）根据关键词或话题到文章中查找 相关的段落，判断题目的意思正确与否；

4）将题目和答案与文章相关段落信 息进行核查。 Example:

Renewable energy is generated from natural resources—such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides and geothermal heat—which are renewable. When comparing the processes for producing energy, there remain several fundamental differences between renewable energy and fossil fuels. The process of producing oil, coal, or natural gas fuel is a difficult and demanding process that requires a great deal of complex equipment, physical and chemical processes. On the other hand, alternative energy can be widely produced with basic equipment and naturally basic processes.

1.[ ] The process for renewable energy to produce

energy is the same as that of fossil fuels.

2.[ ] Oil, coal, or natural gas fuel can not be

widely produced with basic equipment and naturally basic processes.

3.[ ] Geothermal energy is an energy that uses hot

water or steam from the Earth’s interior to generate electricity.

Key: 1. F 2. Y 3. NG

2．句子补充题型答题技巧 在做句子补充题时，要注意所填词的部分须与题目的前半部在结构、时态、语态和单复数等方面保持一致。

1）浏览大、小标题和各段的第1、2 句，了解全文的中心思想和大意；

2）仔细阅读问题中的每个句子，找 出句子中的关键词或短语；

3）根据关键词或短语在文章中查找相关内容，补充句子缺失的信息；

4）将完整的句子与文章相关段落信息进行核查。

Example:

Power quality is the set of limits of electrical properties that allows electrical systems to function in their intended manner without significant loss of performance or life. The term is used to describe electric power that drives an electrical load and the load's ability to function properly with that electric power. Without the proper power, an electrical device (or load) may malfunction, fail prematurely or not operate at all. There are many ways in which electric power can be of poor quality and many more causes of such poor quality power.

1) Power quality is used to describe electric power

that drives an electrical load and the load's ability to function properly _________.

2) Electric power is of poor quality in many ways

and there are many more causes __________. .

Key: 1) with that electric power

2) of such poor quality power

3. 多项选择题型

（此处省略，下面细讲）

Part III Listening Comprehension (35%) 1．听力理解的四种题型：

1）短对话多项选择题（8个对话，8道题）：

2）长对话多项选择题（2个对话，7道题）：

3）短文多项选择题（3个短文，10道题）：

4）复合式听写题（1个段落，8个单词，3个句子）

2．复合式听写评分原则及标准 1）复合式听写要求考生在听懂短文的基础上，用听到的原文填写空缺的单

词，以及用听到的原文或用自己的语言正确地回答问题。 2）给分和扣分标准：

A．单词填空每题为0.5分。拼写完全正确的单词给0.5分，凡有错不给分。 B．每个填写的句子给2分。凡有语言错误扣0.5分，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分；与问题无关的内容扣0.5分；用汉语回答问题不给分；标点符号、大、小写不计分。 Example: The answer:

High school physical education was difficult because all of the equipment was too big for the then 5-year-old student.

1) High school physical education was very difficult, because the equipment was too big for a five-year-old student to use. (2)

2) High school PE is difficult, because the equipment was too big for a five-year-old student. (1.5)

3) High school physics was very difficult, because the equipment was too big for the then five-year-old student. (1.5)

4) High school physical education was very difficult, since the equipment was too big a five year old boy. (1.5)

4) High school was difficult. All of the equipment was very big for a five year old student. (1)

5) The high school study is difficult for

five years old student. The equipment was so big for him. (0.5)

6) High school’s courses are very difficult to 5 years old child because it is very hard to understand. So he must study hard. (0)

3．做题技巧：

1）充分利用时间进行考前的扫视与预测；

2）精力集中，精神放松，保持良好的心理状态；

3）思维与录音带同步；

4）注意英、美英语发音的区别

e.g. can’t either/neither

hot/box/boss kilometer advertisement …

Part IV Reading Comprehension（25%）

(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

仔细阅读的主要目的是对文章内容进行深层次的理解、判断、分析和推论。要求进行仔细阅读的文章在词汇和句子结构上有一定的深度和难度，其问题形式多种多样，尤其在一些问题的选项中，有时需要运用推理的方式来完成。

阅读时如果遇到人名和地名等专有名词，可以一扫而过或用其首字母代替法，不必把整个词读出来。在阅读较长的复合句时，要运用关联词、引导词的逻辑关系迅速分清主句和从句之间的关系，从而明确句意。要特别注意把握文

章中表明句与句之间、段与段之间关系的过渡语或过渡句。

1．两种题型

1) 选词填空题型答题技巧 1）快速阅读每段的第1、2句，初步了解文章的中心思想和各段落的大意。

2）仔细阅读所给出的每个单词，理解词义，确定词性。

3）阅读原文，填补空格。不仅要注意判断所填词的词性、词义以及在句子中的成份，还要注意句型结构和固定搭配。

4）阅读带有填词的句子，核查答案

正确与否。

Example:

What abilities make a good Power System Dispatcher?

1. Problem Sensitivity - The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only ___ (1) there is a problem. 2. Oral Comprehension - The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through (2) words and sentences.

3. Oral Expression - The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will (3) . A) obtaining D) spoken B) understand E) sources C) telephone F) recognizing

Key:

(1) recognizing (2) spoken (3) understand

2. 多项选择题型答题技巧

1) 快速阅读每段的第1、2句，初步了解文章的中心思想和各段落的大意。

2) 仔细阅读问题的题干和选项，理解每项的含义。

3) 带着问题仔细阅读文章，查找与问题相关的信息，选择答案。在进行此步骤时，注意力应放在对整句的理解上，不要为某个生词而耽误时间。要通过上、下文来理解词意，对与问题无直接关系的生词可以忽略。

4）把所选的答案放到文章的原句中

进行核查。

Part V Cloze （10%） (15minutes) 1．做题技巧：

A．仔细阅读全文，包括选择项内容。 B．第二遍阅读，并选择填空。 C．第三遍检查时要朗读，靠语感来判断正误。

2．容易出现的问题：

1）若前3项选错，容易引起对全文的误解。

2）做题时间不够用。

Part Ⅵ Translation （5%）(5 minutes) 1．题型：5个带有汉语提示的句子，要

求将汉语部分译成英语。

2．答题技巧：

1）首先阅读和理解句子的英语部分，分析英语部分的时态和语态。

2）确定汉语部分在全句中的句子成分，选择句子结构。

3）翻译时注意其时态和语态与英语部分保持一致。

Example:

Jane is tired of dealing with customer 主句 （一般现在时，主动态） complaints and wishes

that she （能被分配做另一项工作）. 从句 （一般现在时，被动态）

Key: can be assigned to do another job

VII. Composition （15%）（30 minutes） 1．要求：根据所给的汉语提示，在30

分钟内写出120个单词的英语文章。

2．评分原则：采用总体评分方法，阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分，而不是按语言的错误数目扣分。从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。

3．评分标准：（分为5个分数段） A．2分 – 条理不清，语言支离破碎或

大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。

B．5分 – 基本切题，表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语言错误。 C．8分 – 基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。 D．11分 – 切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误 E．14分 – 切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。

4．应注意的问题：

A．卷面工整、字迹清楚。

B．宁可字数多，不可字数少。 C．不求高、难句型和词汇，只求句子

通顺、意思完整。

5．作文在总成绩中的重要性： （2007年前的老题型给分方法） A．作文得0分，四级成绩不及格。（作

文的否决权）

B．四级成绩得分的计算公式： （适用于作文得5分以下的学生）

四级成绩 = 客观题得分 – 6 + 作文分 （59 = 60 – 6 + 5 ）

6．如何写好作文 A．写作格式：

一般要写成三部分：1）开头段：写出论点，3 – 4 句话即可。2）论述段：举例加以说明，可写1 – 2段。3）结论段：写出本文的结论，要与开头段首尾相应。不可过长，3 – 4 句即可。

B．思路开阔，用词灵活 Example:

“街上有很多汽车”的几种说法：

1) The streets have many cars. (2)

2) There are much cars in the streets. (5)

3) There are many car in the streets. (8)

4) There are more and more cars running

in the streets. (11)

5) Wherever you go in China, you will

find more and more cars running along the streets. (14)

C. 写作时要使用过渡词和短语： 1）表示连接、转折、特殊说明、强调，等等

indeed, certainly, however, thus, therefore,

but, especially, moreover, similarly,

naturally, surely, in this case, above all, for example, in the same way, in contract, on the other hand, of course, as a result, in a word, in conclusion, to sum up, all in all, in fact

2）表示顺序

first, second, the last, finally, in the first place, in the second place, the former, the latter

D．如果想得高分，句子结构要复杂一

些，定语可用分词短语或定语从句；多用状语从句、固定短语，等结构。

Example:

a. His English is good.

----- He is good at English.

b. I saw Jane yesterday. She was listening to radio.

-------- I saw Jane yesterday, who was

listening to radio.

c. We went to the factory for practice and we learnt a lot from the workers there.

------ We went to the factory for practice

where we learnt a lot from the

workers.

d. He gave me a book. The cover of the book was blue.

------ He gave me a book, whose cover

was blue.

------- He gave me a book, the cover of

which was blue.

e. Do you know the student? He is speaking at the meeting.

------- Do you know the student

speaking at the meeting?

E. 用不同的词表示相同的意思： Example:

I think this film is very interesting. But his idea is that …. My mother regards it as … Tom holds that … In Mike’s opinion, the film is …

F. 背诵一些有用而又简单的谚语，根据文章的内容，在适当的位置加进一、二句谚语。常用的谚语有： Well begun is half done. No pains, no gains. Live and learn.

Practice makes perfect.

Actions speak louder than words. Strike while the iron is hot. Many hands make light work. Pride goes before a fall.

A friend in need is a friend indeed. Where there is a will there is a way. Easier said than done. Haste makes waste.

Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. Reading makes a full man.

7．曾经考过的题目：

既有议论文，又有说明文，还有实用写作文体：

A．Online Shopping （2011.6） 现在网上购物已成为一种时尚； 网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题；

我的建议：

B．Is a Test of Spoken English

Necessary?

1．很多人认为有必要举行英语口试，理由是…

2．也有人持不同意见，… 3．我的看法和打算…

C. How to Succeed in Job Interview 1． 面试在求职过程中的作用

2． 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止、谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是…

D ) A Letter to a Schoolmate

Suppose you are Zhang Ming. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, A schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. 1. 表示欢迎

2. 提出对度假安排的建议

3. 提醒应注意的事项

E. 给校长写一封信，反映学校的食堂情

况。

8．Comments on the compositions How to Succeed in Job Interview 1) Nowadays, there are many books telling people how to behave in a job

interview. People looking for a job usually attach great importance to job interviews. And doing well in a job interview means a good chance of being employed.

To leave a deep impression on the interviewer, the first thing you have to do is dressing yourself properly so that you may look mature and confident. Pay attention to the way you talk and behave, for such little things are often ignored. What is more, you should prepare a brief self-introduction including your working experiences and special abilities.

If you follow the advice, you will most probably succeed in a job interview and in most cases, you will get the job you are dreaming of. (14)

2) It is true that interview is very important when you apply for a job. Job interview is the first step. Though you have good marks at school, but you will

not be accepted if you fail in the job interview. So it is not strange that many applicants feel very nervous before interview.

There are many factors to lead to successful job interviews. Your tidy clothing, good speaking manners, professional knowledge and so on. But first of all, you should be confident of your ability, you are suitable for the job. Remember that you should tell the truth, don’t cheat anybody, introduce yourself honestly.

When you have paid attention to all the things, you will surely succeed in the job interview. (11)

3) Nowadays, if you want to find a job in the company. Then you must pass the job interview which is very important to the company. The officers of the company can know about you in the job

interview. On another hand, you also can know about the place you will work.

Well, how to succeed in a job interview? Firstly, you should look clearly and comfortably. Because the first image is too important. Secondly, your action and behavior must be correct. For example, before going into the room, you should knock at the door first. And so so … During the conversation, you should be polite when asking or answering the questions. Thirdly, the most important and the most necessary, your ability is well or bad. It will decide whether you go or stay. Finally, we should be confident and honest. They are basic.

If you do as above, you will succeed! (8)

4) When you are looking for a job, you will find the importance of the job interview. By this way, the corporation or

the boss can see your vantage, and decide whether take you or not.

How to succeed in a job interview? The following show may be provide you some help. It includes various parts, such as loved appearance, excellent knowledge and self-confidence and so on. The clothes must be comfortable, which looks like a educated people. Your good speaking is also important, which make you be better. Of course, the bosses are more interesting in your ability and knowledge, because the ability and knowledge for your work, for the corporation is very important. In the interview, you must show your confidence, which can help you find a good job. (5)

(5) With the quality improve of science technology, communication between person becoming more often. And interview is an great part to find jobs. Your perform in it may decide whether

you get the job or not.

To make a succeed interview, I think following listed things should remember. Out-looking. It can hardly believed that a man in unsuitable cloth will give the officer good information. Your doing and speaking are also mentioned. Ability, the ability to solve a sudden occurred problem is also important. And then, you should have enough knowledge which major in. Self-confidence, of course, be a person believe your self. At last, I think be a honest man is useful Officers will never give any chance to an man tells lies.

Maybe, some above not listed points is also important. But, if you can do these all good, you are going the success way. (2)