重难点05 非谓语动词（原卷版）
（建议用时：30分钟）
根据对非谓语动词部分上海各区模拟及市中考试题的分析可知，今
后该部分仍将是重点考查点之一，其考查重点为： 1. it作形式主语、宾语的用法
2. 感官动词后不定式作宾语补足语和动词ing形式作宾语补足语的用法: 3. 动词不定式与疑问代词和疑问副词的连用
4. 一些特殊动词的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不带口，但变为被动语态时就要带to: 5. 有些动词既可接不定式也可接动词ing形式作宽语，但表达的意思不同。
非谓语动词的用法
非谓语动词分类
不定式（to do sth）；动名词（v-ing）；现在分词（doing）；过去分词（done）； 初中阶段需要掌握的主要是动名词和不定式的固定搭配，及使动用法的词现在分词和
过去分词的用法差别。
非谓语动词用法：
动词不定式（to do）的用法： 1. 作主语：
To learn English well is important. To eat vegetables can help us keep healthy. △ 动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。 Learning English is important.
Eating vegetables can help us keep healthy.△ 动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主
语，而把不定式放在后面。
It’s important to learn English.
It can help us keep healthy to eat vegetables. 2. 作表语：
My job is to teach English./His hobby is to collect stamps.
3. 作宾语：
(1).动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：
want=would like(想要), learn, teach,make up one’s mind=decide=determine(决定做),hope, wish,agree, afford(负担得起),try (do) one’s best(尽力),take actions(采取行动),plan, expect, manage（设法）, fail, offer(主动提出), promise, refuse（拒绝）, pretend(假装),prepare,
fear,demand/need(要求，需要),arrange(安排),have ability(有能力)。 He wants to go home at once. I began to play the piano when I was four. 4. 作宾语补足语：
(1).动词不定式还可用作双宾的形式，这些动词有
want=would like(想要),task / tell / teach/warn(警告) / wish / need=require=request(需要，要求)/expect /wish/ order =instruct=comand(命令，指示)/ encourage / allow =permit(允许)/ invite / enable / force /advise(建议)/beg(求)/bear(忍受)/drive(驱使)/cause(致使，引起)/persuade(说服) sb. (not)to do sth. Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. Mother told me not to come home late. I’d like you to meet my family.
批注：advise sb. to do sth./suggest (that) sb.(should) do sth.(虚拟语气)
△使役动词make, let, have后的宾语补足语，其不定式的to要省略。而help 后的不
定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但是改成被动语态时，要加“to”: make/let/have sb. do sth. /help sb.(to) do sth. Could you please help me (to) do some housework? I hear him sing every night. (变成被动语态)
→He is heard to sing by me every night.(变成被动语态) We saw her play the piano last night.
→She was seen to play the piano by us last night.
It made me feel sad.(变成被动语态) →I was made to feel sad by it.
注意：感官动词see, hear, watch, notice等动词的用法：
see
Sb. hear sb. / sth. doing sth. watch do notice 5.作定语：
(1)这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。 I have much work to do. Do you have anything to say? Would you like something. to eat? It’s a good place to have fun.
如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。
There is nothing to worry_________. / He has no room to live _________. The dog is easy to take care ________. / I’d like some paper to write __________. (2)说明所修辞名词的内容： We had a plan to finish the work. (3)被修辞名词是不定式逻辑主语： He is the first to get there. 6. 作状语：
I came here to see you. （目的） I’m sorry to hear that. （原因）
Tom is too young to go to school. （结果）
To get to work, he takes No.7 bus every day. （目的） 7. “疑问词+不定式”结构：
疑问词who, what, when, where, how, which等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中
作主语，宾语，表语等。
Where to live is a problem. （主语） Do you know when to start? （宾语）
The problem is how to use the machine. （表语）
I don’t know to do it. （宾语） A.what B. how
8.固定短语.
can’t wait to do sth迫不及待做某事
get/have a chance to do sth.得到一个做某事的机会 It’s+ adj.+(for sb) to do sth.做某事（对某人来说）怎么样 It’s+adj.+(of sb.) to do sth.
It takes sb. Some time/money to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事（常考） It’s best for sb. to do sth对某人来说做某事是最好的 It’s time for sb to do sth.是某人做某事的时候了
too…(for sb.)to ......太.....以致不能.....=not…enough to do=so...that....(否定)
一、单项选择
1．The police insisted on ________ the scene of the crime to look for more clues to the murder.
A．check B．checking C．checked D．to check
2．—Have you ever read Learn English Tell China’s Stories?
—Yes, our teacher advised us ________ more meaningful traditional stories. A．reads
B．read
C．reading
D．to read
3．Anita had a ________ look on her face. There must be something ________ her. A．worrying; worried C．worried; worried
B．worrying; worrying D．worried; worrying
4．Amy turned off her desktop after she finished ________ the report on the school project. A．write
B．to write
C．writing
D．wrote
5．She has devoted herself to ________ the children in need. A．helping
B．to help
C．help
D．helped
6．—Do you have strict family rules?
—Yes, My mom only allows me ________ computer games once a week. A．to play
B．playing
C．play
D．to playing
7．Mario used to ________ in the morning. A．practice swimming C．practice swim
B．practicing swimming D．practice to swim
8．—Mom, I regretted ________ the book A Christmas Carol in that bookstore. —Never mind, we can go there again. A．buying
B．not to buy
C．buy
D．not buying
9．—How do you like Zhang Jing’s translation at the meeting between China and the U.S? —Wonderful! It is worth ________. A．to listen
B．listening to
C．to listen to
D．listening
10．We decided not ________ hiking because it was snowing ________. A．to go; hardly
B．go; hardly
C．to go; heavily
D．go; heavily
11．—I like playing computer games in my spare time. What about you?—Me? I prefer ________ TV rather than ________ computer games. A．to watch; play
B．watching; play
C．to watch; playing
D．watching; playing
12．The Chinese government warns people ________ to other countries if there is no real need. A．don’t travel
B．not travelling
C．not to travel
D．not travel
13．—Mrs. Smith, I have some _________ sleeping. Would you mind _________ the music a bit, please?
—OK, of course not. A．troubles, turning up C．problem, to turn down
B．trouble, turning down D．problems, turning off
14．She is such a careless girl that she has her wallet ________. A．to steal
B．stolen
C．stealing
D．stole
15．________ the forests, we shouldn’t cut down lots of trees any more. A．Protect
B．To protect
C．Protected
D．Protects
16．—Mom, can I offer some help? —Sure! That room really needs ________. A．to clean
B．cleaning
C．clean
D．cleaned
17．Would you mind ________ football here? There are ________ cars here. It’s dangerous. A．not playing; too many play; too much
18．He left home this morning ________ photos for the competition. A．takes
B．take
C．to take
D．taking
B．playing; too many C．not play; too much D．not to
19．You’d better tell the woman ________ her bike over there. This is the entrance. A．leave
B．leaves
C．leaving
D．to leave
20．Dr. Ma’s speech is ________ worth ________. We can learn a lot from it. A．very; to listen to
B．very; listening to
C．well; being listened to
D．well; listening to
21．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had getting the two tickets. —But the match is really worth ________. A．watch
B．watching
C．being watched
D．to be watched
22．—What should we pay attention to ________ mistakes during the exams? —Some details. A．avoiding making
B．avoid to make
C．to avoid making
D．to avoid to make
D．finding
23．It’s better to teach a man fishing than ________ him fish.A．to give B．giving C．to find 24．—What do you think of the book ________ by Lao She? —I think I have never read a ________ one. A．was written; funny B．written; funnier 25．—I want to have my bike ________. —Let us get the man over there ________ you.
C．was written; funnier D．written; funny
A．repair; to help B．repairing; help C．repaired; to help D．to repair; helps
