2021年人教版英语中考题型突破五：信息归纳

题型五 信息归纳

话题1 说明介绍

Passage 1

The pilot, Antoine de Sint­Exupéry, who wrote The Little Prince, died long ago, but the fictional pilot, who told the story, is as alive today as he was many years ago, along with his prince, the fox, the rose and the snake.

This timeless tale touches upon childhood and growing up. It opens with the reminder: All grown­ups were once children—but few of them remember it. The pilot in this story loses that part of himself. After a stay in the desert with the little prince, he finds his inner child again. It is a simple story with life lessons. Here are some.

One only understands the things that one tames(驯服). Seeing the thousands of roses that look just like his rose makes the prince feel as if he was tricked by his flower. The fox shows him taming someone takes time. The prince understands the nature of relationships: the time he has wasted on his rose makes her so important.

The fox, as his parting gift, shares his secret with the prince: “One can see rightly with the heart. What is essential(very important and necessary) is invisible(not be seen) to the eye.” When the pilot shows his picture about the snake eating the elephant, adults only see it as a hat. Adults can't see what's inside the snake. What is on the surface is not what matters. This truth sets the little prince free. He decides to join his rose back on his planet.

Has he returned to his planet and his rose? The ending exists in the imagination of every reader as well as the pilot. After all, it is a book with something for everyone.

Title: 1. ________ is The Little Prince a book for everyone？ Reasons Supporting details ◆It remains a classic novel of all time. A timeless tale ◆It talks about childhood and growing up, which reminds all grown­ups that they were once 2. ________. A 3. ________ story with ◆One only 4. ________ the things that one tames. life lessons An open­ ended story ◆What is essential is invisible to the eye. It allows the reader and the pilot to 5. ________ their endings of the book. Passage 2 不一样的贴纸

Most drivers may be worried about that they will be fined or their cars may be moved away when they only leave for a few minutes. Now a kind of high­tech sticker(贴纸) can help drivers avoid such problems, and also the sticker can make the traffic police get in touch with them easily.

This kind of sticker is called Tow Stop. It was made by Daniel Kalliontzis, who studies IT in Germany. It has lots of advantages. The sticker can be stuck to a car's wind­screen. Drivers can write some information on it, such as their names, phone numbers. It also has a sensor(传感器) inside. If traffic policemen touch the cars, it will send

a message to the drivers and tell them that they will be fined soon. So drivers will know that they should move their cars away as quickly as possible. Then the drivers can call the policeman with their phones. It will also appear on the sticker.

The law says, “The high­tech sticker system will depend on the good will of traffic police and a German law. An officer has to choose the most useful and cheapest way for the car owner to move the car.” It will be easier to let the drivers drive their cars away.

Title: A kind of high­tech sticker The reason for the sticker appearing If the car 1. ________ leave for a moment, they'll be fined or the cars may be moved away. •A man who studies IT in Germany 2. ________ it. The introduction of the sticker •Drivers can write some information on the sticker when it's 3. ________ to the cars. •It can send a message to the drivers so that they can move their cars 4. ________. 5. ________ of the sticker •It provides car owners with a useful and cheap way to move their cars. •It makes the traffic police get in touch with car owners easily. Passage 3

[素材选自One Story A Day Book 11]

日食与月食

Eclipses(日、月食) of the sun or the moon took place from time to time, but do you know how they take place? We know that the earth and the moon move in a regular(固定的) pattern. Sometimes, the earth's movement puts it between the sun and the moon. When this takes place, the earth blocks(阻碍) the sunlight and we see the earth's shadow on the moon. The moon gets dark—sometimes black, sometimes a scary orange color. It's a moon eclipse.

When the moon moves between the earth and the sun, it blocks some of the sunlight. As the moon travels in front of the sun, the sun seems to disappear. This is a sun eclipse. When the moon, the sun and the earth are positioned(安置) in a straight line, the sun is completely blocked and the earth gets very dark. This is a total sun eclipse, but it seldom takes place.

These strange events frightened early humans. The word eclipse means “to eat” something. Long ago, humans believed that the sun or the moon was being eaten when the eclipse happened. If this was true, it would really be a reason to be scared. It would certainly scare the daylights out of you. The sun brings warmth, light and life！

Title: Eclipses of the 1. ________ and the moon A moon eclipse •The earth 2. ________ between the sun and the moon. •The earth blocks the sunlight and the earth's shadow stays on the moon. •The moon gets 3. ________ —black or scary orange. •The moon moves between the earth and the sun. A sun eclipse •The sun can't be seen as the moon 4. ________ in front of it. •It seldom takes place when the moon, the sun and the earth are in a straight line. The legend of the eclipse It was believed that the sun or the moon was being eaten when the eclipse 5. ________ long ago. Passage 4

[素材选自ACTIVE SKILLS FOR READING Book 2]

电影幕后工作者

Who makes movies? Actors and directors. But if you watch the name list at the end of a movie, you'll find hundreds of other names and jobs. Most of the important people in film making aren't famous because they do their work behind the scenes. Do you know what the jobs are called?

Makeup artist

The makeup artist's work is making the lead actors look beautiful. Some movies may require actors to look older or younger, or like a space man. Putting on special makeup can sometimes take more time than the actor's scene!

Property(道具) master

The property master is for choosing parts of the stage and clothes. For a prop master, details are everything. In the 2011 movie The Social Network, the prop master had to find the exact model of computer that founder Mark Zuckerberg used when he was studying at Harvard University in 2004.

Foley artist(拟音师)

Think of your favorite scaring movie and its sounds. All of sounds are from the foley artist. Many sounds can't be recorded during the filming of a movie, so foley artists produce them in their workshops.

Title: 1. ________ behind the movie Introduction 3. ________ of the work behind the scenes There are some people who works behind the scenes and what they do is very 2. ________. The makeup artist, the property master and the foley artist work behind the scenes. •The makeup artist makes actors 4. ________ and puts Specific(具体的) work on special makeup. •The property master chooses the parts of the stage and clothes. •The foley artist produces some sounds that can't be 5. ________ during the filming of a movie in the workshop. Passage 5

[素材选自TIME FOR KIDS Book 5]

人类最好的朋友

Dogs are called “man's best friend”. Now a study shows new reasons. Researchers at UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles, say that dogs can be good for people's health.

Researchers tested 76 patients with heart problems. First the patients were divided into three groups. Some were visited by human volunteers with dogs. Others were visited by people only. The third group had no visitors. Then the researchers wrote down how the patients felt before, during, and after the visit.

Researchers found the results are surprising: dog visits made the patients feel better. Patients who had been visited by dogs felt 24 percent less scared. Those patients who were visited by just people felt only 10 percent less scared. After just 12 minutes with dogs, patients' hearts seemed to be working better. The dogs used were therapy(治疗) dogs. This means they were trained to behave a special way around the patients.

The fact that furry(毛茸茸的) friends can make people feel better might seem like old news to pet lovers. After all, animals have a history of helping people.

Nurse Kathie M. Cole, a member of the UCLA Medical Center study, hopes that doctors and hospitals can see the good effects of using therapy animals. “Dogs are a great comfort. They make people happier, calmer, and feel more loved. That is huge when you are scared and not feeling well.” said Cole.

Dogs are the 1. ________ friends of man's 2. ________ •Dogs are good for people's health. •The dogs can make people feel better. •76 patients with heart problems were tested by 3. ________ them Research into three groups. •Dog 4. ________ made the patients feel better. Purpose The good effects of 5. ________ therapy animals can be seen by doctors and hospitals. Passage 6

Opera de Paris Garnier(巴黎歌剧院) lies in Paris, France. It is named after its famous builder, Charles Garnier. In the beginning, the Opera was built for the French enjoying operas, especially upper­class(上流的)people. So the Opera was built very beautifully.

The Opera is the first theater in France, with a total area of 11，237 square meters. It is 173 meters long and 125 meters wide. The theater has the largest stage in the world and can hold 450 actors at a time. There are 2，200 seats in the theater. The hanging branch chandelier(吊灯) in the performance hall weighs about eight tons. It looks very shining and golden.

The walls in the hall have all kinds of bright lights and paintings. The hall is 54 meters long, 13 meters wide and 18 meters high. The Opera is a complex building with 2，531 doors, 7，593 keys and six miles of underground tunnels(隧道)．

In the basement of the Opera, there is a huge dark lake. The lake is six meters deep, where the Opera has to replace all the water with clean water every 10 years. A lot of famous operas and dramas are showed in the Opera. So it's a good place for people to watch plays.

One of the most 1. ________ Operas in the World Location and name of the Opera Purpose of the Opera operas.Area of the Opera The Opera is in Paris, France.The Opera's name comes from a 2. ________ builder, Charles Garnier. The Opera is a theater that was the first one in France. It was built mainly for the French upper­class to 3. ________ The Opera covers a area of 11，237 square meters in total. It has 2，200 seats and the largest 4. ________ in the world that can hold 450 actors at a time. There are all kinds of bright lights and 5. ________ on the wall. It has 2，531 doors, 7，593 keys, six miles of underground tunnels and there is a big dark lake in the basement. 话题2 观点看法

Passage 7

There's a park that some people want to turn into a golf course(高尔夫球场). I totally disagree. There are some reasons for it.

First, a park is meant to be for the whole community. Not everyone likes golf, so not everyone will get to use the park. It's unfair. A community park should have open spaces for everyone to use.

Second, to make way for the golf course, lots of playground equipment(设施) will have to be moved or knocked down, which is a waste of time and money.

Third, not all kids like golf. At the moment, the park attracts lots of kids from the community. If you turn the park into a golf course, these kids won't have anywhere to go and won't have anything to do. This means that they will stay at home and turn on a video game rather than get some exercise.

Finally, golf is expensive. Building a golf course and maintaining(维护) it will cost a lot of money. Who is going to pay for it? What about those people who can't afford to join a golf club? That means that the golf course will only be available to people with lots of money.

Therefore, turning our park into a golf course is a bad idea. I suggest we have a community meeting before plans go any further.

Should a park be 1. ________ into a golf course？ The writer's opinion It's a bad idea to turn a park into a golf course. Structure of the Opera ◆A community park should have open spaces for everyone to use. ◆It is a waste of time and money to move or knock down the The 2. ________ for it equipment. ◆It keeps the kids who 3. ________ golf away from outdoor activities. ◆The golf course will only be available to 4. ________ people. The solution Have a community 5. ________ before plans go any further. Passage 8

Computers are widely used in the world. As students, we can not only use them to relax, but also study online. Do you have any online classes? It is possible to take classes at home. All you need is a computer and an earphone.

However, most students don't seem to like online classes. Recently, over 2，000 students from 10 cities took part in a survey. According to the survey, only about 35 percent of the students like taking such classes.

Many students said it was hard to focus on studying while taking online classes. This was true for Li Jing, 15, at No.1 High School. “There are no classmates and no real teachers watching me. I can surf the Internet or do other things if I want to. It's harder to always stay focused，” she said.

Tian Lishan, 14, at No.7 High School, thinks online interaction(互动) isn't enough. “The online teachers don't really get to know me. When I don't hand in homework, all I get is a short message instead of real concern.” she said.

However, online classes still have advantages. “It saves time and money compared with taking offline classes. Also, if I don't understand some parts of a lesson, I can watch it over again，” Li Jing said.

Title: Different 1. ________ on online class The reason why it appears Computers are widely used in the world. And a computer and an earphone can make you have 2. ________ online. •It is hard to focus on studying while taking online classes. The views from opponents(反对者) •Online interaction isn't 3. ________. •Only a short message can be got instead of real concern when students don't hand in 4. ________. •You spend less time and money compared with taking offline The views from supporters classes. •You can keep 5. ________ it if you don't understand some parts of a lesson.

Passage 9 [素材选自EDGE]

兼职讨论

Getting a part­time job is one of the best things that happens in high school. It provides extra pocket money. I think it also teaches responsibility and time and money management. According to the government, teens aged 15－17 years old work an average of 17 hours a week during school months. But studies have shown that working more than 10 hours a week has more negative(消极的) than positive effects.

One aspect of a teen's life affected by excessive(过度的) work is sleep. The average(一般的) teen ne

eds a

lot of sleep each night, however, according to the National Sleep Foundation most teens only get about 6.8 hours. Teens who work too much have to find time to finish their homework. A lack of sleep can lead to harmful situations.

Grades are also affected by too much work. The effect of part­time work on students' academic achievement has been studied. Students who worked over 15 hours per week showed a decline(下降) in grades. They also didn't perform as well on formal tests.

“Teens have to realize their primary job is getting a good education，” says Bryna Shore Fraser. So be sensible and limit your job to 10 hours a week. School is the job that will give you opportunities.

Title: Is it 1. ________ for teens aged 15－17 to do a part­time job for as long as possible？ Positive points Negative points •Doing a part­time job 2. ________ extra •Too much work causes a 3. ________ of pocket money. •Doing a part­time job teaches responsibility and time and money management. Advice： •Be sensible and 5. ________ your job to 10 hours a week. •School is the job that will give you opportunities. Passage 10

Some losers become winners, while others stay as losers. When people fail, they don't become losers right away. They look for excuses for their failures. But if they're honest, they'll admit that these are the things they say to justify(证明……有理) their failures. Actually, the reason why they failed was that they failed to use the failure as a way of learning and improving themselves.

It's natural for you to think back to past failures and use them as evidence(证据) that you'll never succeed. However, this only reduces your chances of achieving your dreams. What you should do is to keep your dream alive and do all you can to get there. There will always be roadblocks(路障). Don't complain, and don't buy into

sleep. •Too much work has a bad 4. ________ on students' academic achievement. your limiting beliefs. Instead, each roadblock can become a chance to learn something.

If you want to succeed after failures, start to think like a successful person. For example, realize that each journey to success will always have its ups and downs. When the downs occur, step back and keep your eye on the bigger picture because those downs are usually followed by wonderful ups. If you want to move on from your down times, don't make giving up as a choice and learn from it. No matter how much you feel you're struggling, these are the moments that present the necessary learning curve(曲线) you need to achieve your dream.

Title: Try your best to be a winner from a loser The losers' performance The 1. ________ for their failures They look for excuses for their failures. They don't use the failure as a way of learning and 2. ________ themselves. •Neither complain nor 3. ________ into your limiting beliefs. The ways to help you succeed •Each roadblock is a 4. ________ to learn something. •Start to think like a 5. ________ person. •Step back and keep your eye on the bigger picture facing the downs. 话题3 全国其他高频话题

Passage 11

As is known to all, exercise is good for your health. However, you need to do it in a scientific way. Otherwise, you can not only achieve the bad effect but also may hurt yourself. The following can help you exercise well.

Warm up. It is important to warm up before you exercise. You need to stretch your legs, arms, back and neck before you do any difficult activities like running.

Find good places to exercise. You do not need to spend a lot of money exercising. You can run or play sports in a park or in your school gym. You don't need to buy exercise equipment for your home. Just get your body moving!

Don't work too hard. Choose a sport that you are interested in and then your exercise will be fun instead of work. Also, you only need to exercise a few times each week. If you exercise for 30 minutes each time, you will stay healthy.

Drink enough water. It is important to drink water when you exercise. Your body needs the water for energy and for keeping cool.

Be careful! If you hurt yourself while you are exercising, rest until you feel better. Exercising when you are hurt is bad for your health.

Title: 1. ________ to exercise well. The benefit Exercise is good for our health. The problem The 2. ________ way of exercising may bring you bad effect. •Warm up: stretch your body before any difficult activities. •Find good places to exercise: find proper outdoor places without 4. ________ much money. The 3. ________ of exercising well •Don't work too hard: exercise for 30 minutes each time; do it a few times a week. •Drink enough water: drink water during your exercise. •Be careful: have a 5. ________ until you feel better after being hurt. Passage 12 我们为什么打哈欠？

Yawning(打哈欠) is something we all do—maybe because we're tired of carrying out boring tasks or because we're tired. Sometimes, just seeing other people yawn can make you excited.

According to BBC, new research suggests it might be because yawning cools the brain down and prevents it from overheating(过热), much like the fan in your computer. This might be why we are more eager(渴望的) to sleep and yawn in the warm temperatures.

We yawn more when we're tired or ready for a short rest, and we can't control when we do it! But it's also true that yawning is a very contagious(接触传染的) action. John Drury, a researcher from Sussex University, told the BBC that “It's something that you can't stop. Dogs yawn when their owners yawn, animals yawn to each other. It happens whether you want to or not.”

His research into this behavior found that there is a connection with our social group and how close we are to the people in it. If we are closely connected with the person who shows the behavior, we are likely to copy it too.

Another research by the University of Nottingham in 2017 found similar results. They asked volunteers to watch other people yawn. They found they couldn't help yawning when others around them yawned.

Title: 1. ________ do we yawn？ The possible 2. ________ for yawning •We are tired of carrying out boring tasks or we are tired. •We need to cool our brain down and prevent it from overheating. •Warm temperatures may be easier for 3. ________ and The findings of the research yawning. •Yawning is an action that is very contagious. •Yawning is something that we can't 4. ________. It happens whether we want to or not. The conclusion There is a 5. ________ with our social group and how close we are to the people in it. Passage 13 智能校园

What will the schools of the future look like? Smart campus(智能校园) are being built all over the world. Their high­tech is to help students learn more easily, as well as bringing convenience(便利) to teachers.

The University of British Columbia has created Canada's first 5G­powered smart campus. The school worked with a tech company to build a 5G network across its campus. Their researchers can use the network to test 5G software.

At Stafford University in the UK, many students enjoy talking to Beacon and asking it questions. Beacon is an AI chatting machine that was developed by the university. It is like a personal assistant(助手) for students at the school. They can ask it questions, such as whether or not one of their classes is canceled.

In Guangdong, China, college students can watch a teacher's lessons through 5G and AI technology. They help to collect students' body language and even facial expressions to analyze(分析) their state in the class. In this way, teachers can know what problems students have and it can help to improve their teaching style as well as to increase students' interests in learning.

Title: Smart campus The 1. ________ It helps students learn more 2. ________， as well as bringing convenience to teachers. Canada's first 5G­powered smart campus has been 3. ________ by the University of British Columbia. An AI chatting machine can 4. ________ some students' questions at Stafford University. College students can have online 5. ________ through 5G and AI technology in Guangdong. The application in Canada The application in the UK The application in China

Passage 14

Nowadays, people usually shake hands when they meet each other. A handshake is a global, clear greeting tradition. Two people hold one of each other's right hands, and they often move up­and­down. Handshaking was introduced to our country around 100 years ago.

There were several kinds of greetings in ancient China. The fist and palm salute(拱手礼) was a really common one, with a history of about 3，000 years. It was first used in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, if people met a stranger, their hands were always ready to hold something used for fighting. Holding out both hands showed that people could feel relaxed. When people meet, men usually use their left hand to hold the right one. It's believed that people considered the left as the important side for men in Chinese history. While for women, the important side is right. So when they give the fist and palm salute, they should put their right hand on the top. When people

show this action to you, you are supposed to do it back as well.

In many kungfu TV series and movies, people greet each other with the hold fist salute(抱拳礼). People make the right hand a fist. Then they use the left hand to cover the right fist. It's similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are different. Holding fist salute is widely used among kungfu masters and students. So don't make a mistake.

Title: How do people 1. ________ each other？ •Two people hold one of each other's right hands and then The global and clear greeting 2. ________ move up­and­down. • 3. ________ was introduced to China around 100 years ago. The Chinese fist and palm salute The Chinese hold fist salute

Men usually use their left hand to hold the right one while 4. ________ use their right hand to hold the other. The right hand is 5. ________ a fist, while the left hand is to cover it, which is widely used among kungfu masters and students. 参

题型五 信息归纳

Passage 1

1. Why 2. children/kids 3. simple 4. understands 5. imagine/guess

Passage 2

1. drivers/owners 2. made/invented 3. stuck 4. quickly 5. Advantages

Passage 3

1. sun 2. moves/goes 3. dark 4. travels 5. appeared/happened

Passage 4

1. Jobs/Work/People 2. important 3. Names 4. beautiful/pretty 5. recorded

Passage 5

1. best 2. Reasons 3. dividing 4. visits 5. using

Passage 6

1. beautiful 2. famous 3. watch/enjoy 4. stage 5. paintings

Passage 7

1. turned/changed 2. reasons 3. dislike/hate 4. rich/wealthy 5. meeting

Passage 8

1. opinions/views/ideas 2. classes/lessons 3. enough 4. homework 5. watching

Passage 9

1. better 2. provides 3. lack 4. effect/influence 5. limit

Passage 10

1. reason 2. improving 3. buy 4. chance 5. successful

Passage 11

1. How 2. wrong/unscientific 3. ways/methods/tips/advice/suggestions 4. spending 5. rest/break

Passage 12

1. Why 2. reasons 3. sleeping 4. control/stop/avoid/prevent 5. connection

Passage 13

1. advantages/benefits 2. easily 3. created/built 4. answer 5. classes/lessons

Passage 14

1. greet 2. tradition/way 3. Handshaking 4. women 5. made