英汉翻译练习题

一、Phrase Translation（句子翻译）

A. Directions：Put the following phrases into Chinese（将下列词语译成汉语）． 1) rural reform （ ） 2) industrial revolution （ ） 3) non-governmental sectors （ ） 4) the International Court of Justice （ ）

5) Agriculture Department （ ） 6) encyclopedia （ ） 7) editorial （ ） 8) relay race （ ） 9) vocational school （ ） 10) the theory of relativity （ ） 11) to pick and choose 12) a drugstore 13) soda fountain

( ) ( )

( )

14) in this fashion 15) a part-time river 16) up the river

( ) ( )

( ) ( )

17) a summer resort

B. Directions：Put the following phrases into English（将下列词语译成英语）． 1) 经济增长 （ ） 2) 知识经济 （ ） 3) 民族团结 （ ） 4) 官僚主义 （ ） 5) 所有制 （ ） 6) 社会科学 （ ）

7) 期刊 （ ） 8) 世界纪录 （ ） 9) 最高人民 （ ）

10) 国营企业 （ ） 11) 现代化建设 12) 专属经济区 13) 可再生能源 14) 合法权益 15) 御花园

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

( ) ( )

16) 故宫博物院 17) 可耕地

二、Multiple Choice Questions（选择题）

A. Directions：This part consists of ten sentences．each followed by four different versions

labeled A，B，C and D．Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness．

1.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines，her financial structure would be in danger．( )

A.他认为，那直接影响着园内对的信心下降，它的财歧就会出现危机了。 B.他直截了当地认为，国内对的信心下降，其财政结构就要出现危机了。 C.他认为，一旦国内对的信心下降，她的财政就会出现危机。

D．他当时认为，只要内部失去信心，其金融结构就会瓦解。 2．Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition 0f body．( ) A．日光和新鲜空气对于身体健康都是不可缺少的。 B．对于健康的身体，日光和新鲜空气一样不可缺少。 C．对于身体健康，日光如新鲜空气一样不可或缺。 D．阳光同新鲜空气一样对于身体的健康不可缺少。

3．Intense light and heat in the open contrasted with the coolness of shaded avenues and the interiors of buildings．( )

A．强烈的光线和露天场所的炎热，同林荫道上的凉爽和建筑物内部形成了对比。。

B．露天场所的强烈光线和酷热，同林荫道上和建筑物内部的凉爽形成了对比。 C．露天场所的强光和酷热，同林荫道上的凉爽和建筑物内部形成了对比。 D．强烈的光线和露天场所的炎热，同林荫道和建筑物内部的凉爽形成了对比。 4．Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness，affection weakness，thrift avarice．( ) A．勇气过分成为鲁莽、热爱、虚弱、节俭和贪婪。 B．过分的勇气变为蛮勇，爱变为溺爱，节俭变为贪婪。

C．过度的勇气变为蛮勇，过度的爱变为溺爱，过度的节俭变为贪婪。 D．勇敢过分成为蛮勇，爱与虚伪，节约与贪婪。

5．Being easily set on fire．alcohol must be kept away from the flame．( ) A．酒精容易着火，必须放在与火隔绝的地方。

B．因为酒精容易被人放火，所以必须远离火存放。 C．由于容易失火，酒精必须远离火焰。

D．因为酒精易燃，所以必须被放在离火很远的地方。

6．These particles，while they have the same mass or weight as the protons，have no electric charge．( )

A． 当粒子质量和重量与质子相同时，他们不带电荷。 B． 这些粒子虽然其质量和重量跟质子相同，但不带电荷。 C．这些粒子不带电荷，而他们有和质子相同的质量或重量。

D．这些粒子不带电荷，与此同时他们还和质子一样有相同的质量和重量。 7．我们必须采取措施深化改革。( )

A．We must take measures to deepen our reform． B．Measures have t0 be taken to deepen the reform．

C．Measures have to be taken to deepen oUr commitment to reform． D．Measures must be taken￡o deepen reform． 8．同学们每天早晨在室外朗读。( )

A．The students read aloud in the open every morning． B．The students read aloud every rooming in the open． C．The students read in the open loudly every morning． D．Every morning in the open the students read aloud． 9．你觉得这部新片怎么样? ( )

A．How do you think the film? B．What do you feel about the film? C．What do you like the film? D．How did you like the film? 10．你什么时候方便就过来玩。( ) A．Come and play when you are convenient． B．Come here to play if you are convenient． C．Drop in whenever it‟s convenient． D．Drop in whenever you have convenience．

B：Directions：This part consists of five unfinished statements，each followed by four choices

marked A，B，C and D．Select the one that best completes each statement．

11．王力先生指出，西文多用形合法， ( )。 A．因此定语从句用得特别多 B．因此现在分词用得特别多

C．介词和介词短语往往是不可缺少的 D．联结成分在大多数情况下是不可缺少的

12．就英汉两种语言的语序而言，下列选项中正确的是( )。

A．汉语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而英语则不能 B．汉语大量使用分词和从句，用法也灵活，可前可后 C．英语句子注重突出重点，往往把重要的话放在突出的位置

D．英语叙事多靠并列结构，且较多地依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序

13．在理论方面，( ) 曾针对当时赵景深的“宁顺而不信”的提法，提出了“宁信而不顺”的主张。

A．鲁迅 B．梁实秋 C．瞿秋白 D．严复

14．有关句子内部及句子之间联系的说法，下列正确的一项是( )。 A．汉语不重视句子之间的联系 B．英语比较重视句子之间的联系

C．在句子内部，汉语重意合，句内各成分联系紧密 D．在句子内部，英语重形合，句内各成分联系紧密 15．The Art of Translation is written by( )． A．Charles R．Taber B．George Steiner C．Theodore Savory D．Eugene A．Nida

C．选择正确的译文或说法，请在正确的译文或说法后面的括号内打“√”。 16. There's no pot so ugly it can't find a lid．

译文A．没有丑到配不上一个盖子的罐子。 ( ) 译文B．罐儿再丑，配个盖子不发愁。 ( ) 17. They had barely enough time t0 catch the train． 译文A．他们仅有足够的时间赶上火车。 ( ) 译文B．他们差点儿没赶上火车。 ( ) 18. A.英语动词用得多，而汉语名词、介词用得多。 ( ) B.英语名词、介词用得多，而汉语动词用得多。 ( )

三、填空。根据下列单句中的原文填充译文中的空白

1．A delighted giggle cut through the severe silence．The ice was broken．We all laughed． 一阵咯咯的欢笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。（ ），大家都笑了起来。

2．The parson rode a step or two nearer．

牧师（ ）走近了一两步。 3．He took me in from top t0 toe with a quick glance．

他以敏捷的眼光把我从头到脚（ ）。

4．The conclusion we reached in Britain is that change simply cannot sensibly be put off． 我们英国人得出的结论是，（ ）。

5．For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home．

对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们

（ ）。

6．In the last five years inward investment in Britain has bought our people more than 250，000 new jobs．

译文：过去5年中外国对英投资为我国人民创造了（ ）就业机会。

7．在整个改革开放的过程中，必须始终注意坚持四项基本原则。 Throughout the process of reform and opening，we must adhere to the（ ）． 8．中国正处在社会主义的初级阶段。

China is in the（ ），stage of socialism． 9．家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。

At thirteen，（ ），I acted to help support the family． 10．从我们自己这些年的经验来看，经济发展隔几年上一个台阶，是能够办到的。 Judging from what we have accomplished in recent years，it should be possible for our economy（ ）. 11．要求科技界面向经济建设。

The Central Committee of the Party has called for the work in science and technology（ ）．

12．第一架喷气式客机1957年在英国开始飞行。

译文：（ ） saw the first jet airliner in 1 952． 13．我们县的粮食产量是前的3倍。

译文：The grain output of our country is（ ）that of before 1949．

四、Translation Improvement（改错）

Directions：Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies．Improve the

given translations（下列单句译文有错误。如何改正?）． 例：Example：

原文：He asked after you． 译文：他在你之后发问。 改译：他问起你的情况。

1) 听到这个消息，他高兴得跳了起来。

译文：While he listened to the news，he jumped with joy． 改正：

2) 他昨天告诉我，他已写完了作文。

译文：He told me that he had finished writing his composition yesterday． 改正：

3) 我知道新体育馆在哪里和怎样到那里去。

译文：I know where the new stadium is and how to get there． 改正：

4) 等到所有的伤员都被转移了，白求恩大夫才离开医院。

译文：Dr．Bethune left the hospital until all the wounded soldiets were carried away

改正：

5) 这篇文章给我们介绍了他们的教学方法。

译文：This article tells us their teaching method． 改正：

6) 工人们用的这些工作台需要加高。

译文：The worktables where the workers sit need being heightened． 改正：

7) 海洋覆盖了地球表面的71％，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分。 译文：The ocean covers 71 percent of the earth's surface and is a basic component of the

global bio-support system．

改正：

8) 一班的学生和二班的一样专心。

译文：The students of Class One are as attentive as Class Two． 改正：

9) It is time we took effective measures to deal with the problem of pollution．

译文：这时，我们已采取了有效措施来处理污染这一问题。 改正：

10)In any case it was a bad scene and one in which 1 would just glad never have taken part．

译文：总而言之，这是一个狼狈的场面，我很高兴，我永远也不会参与进去。 改正：

11) A visit to the slum areas of the town brought home to me what poverty really means．

译文：对该市贫民区的访问使我把贫穷的真正含义带回了国内。 改正：

12) To be a Negro in America is to hope against hope．

译文：作为一个美国黑人就是违背自己的希望。 改正：

13)In the evening，the wind blew south，and we felt very cool．

译文：傍晚，风向南边吹去，我们感到很凉爽。 改正：

14)Eggs are supposed to be one of the most healthful foods．——Next to potatoes．I think．

译文：鸡蛋被认为是最有益于健康的食品。——我想与土豆接近。 改正：

15)Living things consist of minute structures called cells．

译文：生物都是由称为细胞在几分钟之内就可形成的结构物组成的。 改正：

16）Adelaide enjoys Mediterranean climate． 译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。 改译：

17）It Was an old and ragged moon． 译文：那是一个又老又破的月亮。 改译：

18）She recognized the absurdity of dealing with these people through intermediaries． 译文：她认识到通过中间人跟这些人打交道的愚蠢性。 改译：

19) One can never see too many summer sunrises 0n the Mississippi River． 译文：夏天，人们永远不能在密西西比河上看到太多的日出。 改译：

20) Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth． 译文：他的许多思想对当代青年特别感兴趣。 改译：

21) They had barely enough time to catch the train． 译文：他们刚够时间赶上火车。 改译：

22) 是生产力，改革也是生产力。

译文：Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces．and reform also means

the emancipation 0f the productive forces． 改译：

23) 那个病人感到疼痛难忍，不断呻吟。

译文：The patient Was very painful and groaned continually． 改译：

24) 王红是全班最聪明的。

译文：Wang Hong is the cleverest of her classmates． 改译：

25) 样品及说明书如蒙早寄来，不胜感激。

译文：If samples and brochures could soon be forwarded t0 us．It would be appreciated． 改译：

26) Cattle—raising，long an important industry in Texas，became even more flourishing after I11e

war．

译文：在得克萨斯州，养牛长期以来就是重要的工业，战后更加繁荣。

改正：

27) Four watchtowers are placed，one at each corner． 译文：四个角楼被放置在每个角落。

改正：

28) There are three main groups 0f oils：animal，vegetable and mineral．

译文：油可以分为三类：动物、植物和矿物。 改正：

29) His military career had been inglorious．

译文：他的生涯是不光彩的。 改正：

30) I decided to walk my dog．The path took us toward the park． 译文：我打算去遛狗。这条路把我们带到了公园。

改正：

31) 她有力气，简直抵得过一个男子。

译文：She has strength，and could do the work of a man． 改正：

五、句子翻译

1．But there isn't anything here right now that I could offer you．We don‟t make many changes．

2．They were beckoning mountains with a brown grass love．

3．Yes，Sir John．Thank you．Anything else I can do for you，Sir John?

4．在旧社会，我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭，艺人们大都是拉家带口，生活困难。

5．日子很快的过去了，她还像以前那样努力的工作，不计较饮食，从不吝惜自己的力气。

六、Paragraph Translation（段落翻译）

A. Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese（将下列短文译成汉语）．(20’) 1.

The True Artist

The true artist lets himself go．He is natural．He swims easily in the stream of his own temperament．He listens to himself．He respects himself．

He comes into the light of everyday like a great leviathan of the deep，breaking the smooth surface of accepted things，gay，serious，sportive．His appetite for life is enormous．He enters eagerly into the life of man，all men．He becomes all men in himself．

The function of the artist is to disturb．His duty is t0 arouse the sleepers，to shake the complacent pillars of the world．He reminds the world of its dark ancestry，shows the world its present，and points the way to its new birth．He is at once the product and preceptor of his time．After his passage，we are troubled and made unsure of our too-easily-accepted realities．He makes uneasy the static，the set and the

still．In a world terrified of change，he preaches revolution-the principle of life. He is an agitator，a disturber of the peace--quick，impatient，positive，restless and disquieting．He is the creative spirit working in the soul of man．

2． More than 7 million people live in Kashmir，which India and Pakistan have fought three wars over．In the words of the 1 9th—century Irish poet Thomas Moore．it is“the Eden of the Earth．”The capital 0f this Eden is the“Venice of the East，”the 1，400一year—old city of Srinagar．Laced with canal and bridges，Srinagar has more miles of waterways than of its narrow，crooked streets。

B. Directions：Translate the following passage into English（将下列短文译成英语）．

1. 我们到底要培养什么样的大学生?我们今后能在色彩纷繁、瞬息万变的当今世界站住脚吗?看来，首先要启发学生的学习兴趣和主动性，培养他们的自学能力。

2. ——节约粮食有潜力。据专家测算，中国粮食在种、收、运、储、销和加工、消费等环节的损失率至少为10％，总损失量在4，500万吨以上。如果将各环节的损失降至合理范围，每年至少可节约粮食2，000万吨。

3. 虎求百兽而食之，得狐。狐日：“子无敢食我也!天帝使我长百兽，今子食我，是逆天帝命也。子以我为不信，吾为子先行，子随我后，观百兽之见我而敢不走乎?”虎以为然，故遂与之行，兽见之皆走，虎不知兽畏己而走也，以为畏狐也。

《英汉翻译》练习题二

一、Phrase Translation（词语翻译）A. Directions：Put the following phrases into Chinese（将下列词语译成汉语）．

1) residential section

( 2) the overseas trade （ 3) joint venture

（ ）4) the Nile Delta （ ） 5) marine insurance

（ ）6）in this respect ( ) 7）from antiquity

( ) 8）the internal combustion engine ( ) 9）to fall apart

( ) 10）William the Conqueror ( ) 11）sovereign nations

( 12）1abor intensive industries

( 13）integration in world markets ( 14）agonizing flashbacks ( 15）mind you

( 16）a container port

( ) 17）a global economy

(

B. Directions：Put the following phrases into English（将下列词语译成英语）． 1) 故宫

（ ） 2) 自然资源 （ ） 3) 架

（ ）

4) 营业执照 （ ） 5) 灶王爷

（ ）

)

) ) ) ) )

)

）

6) 金融危机

( ) ( )

( )

7) 全国人民代表大会 8) 中国新民主主义 9) 罢工

( ) ( )

( )

( )

10) 振兴中华 11) 绞尽脑汁

12) 威斯敏斯特教堂 13) 丝绸之路 14) 不惜力气 15) 熬夜

( ) ( )

( )

( )

16) 水产品 17) 腊月

( ) ( )

18) 捣乱滋事

二、Multiple Choice Questions（选择题）

A．Directions：This part consists of ten sentences．each followed by four different versions

labeled A，B，C and D．Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness．

1．The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it．( ) A．海洋与其说分开世界，不如说把它连起来。

B．与其说海洋把世界分隔开来，不如说把世界连接起来。 C．海洋把世界分隔开来没有像把它连接起来多。 D．海洋分隔世界的程度不如连接世界的程度大。 2．Being a metal，mercury is not a solid．( ) A．作为一种金属，水银不是固体。 B．由于是金属，水银不是固体。 C．汞虽是金属，但不是固体。

D．汞是一种金属，却不是一种固体。

3．A translator has to know everything 0f something and something 0f everything．( ) A．一个翻译人员对一些事情要什么都懂，对什么事情又要懂一些。 B．翻译人员对有些事情要无所不晓，对什么事情又要略知一二。 C．翻译人员对于知识既要精深，又要渊博。 D．译者要知之为知之，不知为不知。 4．It was a cold winter day．( ) A．这是一个寒冷的冬天。 B．这是寒冬的一天。 C．这是冬天寒冷的一天。 D．这是一个寒冷的冬日。

5. The film is a dramatic treatment of a threatened stoppage in a factory．( A．本片是对一家工厂的一场受到威胁的罢工的戏剧的处理。 B．本片对一家工厂的一场可能发生的罢工，进行戏剧性的处理。 C．本片用戏剧性手法，表现了一家工厂是如何面临罢工威胁的。 D．该片对一家受到罢工威胁的工厂进行了戏剧性处理。 6．I have no opinion of that sort of man．( ) A．我不赞成那种人的意见。 B．我对那样人毫无意见。 C．我对那种人毫无好感。 D．我没有那种人的观点。 7．她是班里唱得最好的。( )

A．She is better singer than any in the class． B．She is the best singer in the class． C．She sings better than any in the class． D．She is the best singer of all her classmates． 8．我陷入了沉思。( ) A．I Was lost in thought． B．I lost in thought． C．My thought was lost．

) D．1 was deep in thought．

9．没有他的帮助，我早就失败了。( ) A．But for his help。1 would fail． B．Without his help。1 would have failed． C．If he didn‟t help me。1 would have failed． D．If not for his help．1 would fail． 10．抓，促生产是当务之急。( )

A．It is highly imperative to grasp revolution and promote production． B．It is highly imperative to promote pooduction by means of revolution． C．It is an urgent task to revolutionize and produce．

D．To make revolution and increase production is a hurry thing to do．

B：Directions：This part consists of five unfinished statements，each followed by four choices

marked A，B，C and D．Se1ect the one that best completes each statement．

11．王佐良认为，一部好的译作总是既有_______ 又有_______的：凡能直译处坚持直译，必须意译处则放手意译。( ) A．死译，硬译 B．胡译，乱译 C．直译，意译 D．归化，异化

12．就句子结构而言，一般说来，( )。 A．汉语多用并列结构，英语也多用并列结构。 B．汉语多用并列结构，英语多用主从结构。 C．汉语多用主从结构，英语也多用主从结构。 D．汉语多用主从结构，英语多用并列结构。

13．钱钟书先生在“林纾的翻译”一文中提出了一条新的标准，即“文学翻译的最高标准是„( )‟。

A．雅 B．信 C．达 D．化 14．“( )”is the idea of Saint Jerome． A．It isn‟t necessary to translate word for word．

B．I have always aimed at translating sense，not words．

C．The translati013 should have all the ease 0f 0riginal composition．

D．The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that 0f the original． 15．In the Theory and Practice of Translation，( )and Charles R．Taber emphasize the importance of the translator‟s respect for the genius of each 1anguage．

A．Saint Jerome B．Eugene A．Nida C．Cicero D．A．F．Tytler

C．选择正确的译文或说法，请在正确的译文或说法后面的括号内打“√”。 16. We ourselves attract more foreign investment than any country but the u．s。 译文A．我们所吸引的外资额仅次于美国。 ( )

译文B.除了美国，我们所吸引的外资额比任何国家都多。( ) 17. 这幢房屋值10万元。

译文A．The house worths 100，000 dollars． ( ) 译文B．The house is worth 100，000 dollars． ( ) 18. A.西塞罗，古罗马政治家、雄辩家和哲学家。 ( ) B.西塞罗，古希腊政治家，雄辩家和哲学家。 ( )

三、填空。根据下列单句中的原文填充译文中的空白 1．If the weather holds a couple of days：the plane will take off． 要是天气三两天内（ ），飞机就起飞。 2．The significance of these incidents wasn't lost 0n us． 这些事件（ ）。 3．As he sat down and began to talk．words poured out． 他一坐下来就讲开了（ ）。 4．While she spoke，tears were running down． 她说话时，（ ）。 5．He didn't speak at the meeting and neither did I． 他没有在会上发言，（ ）。 6．The chairman refused to look at my suggestion．

拒绝（ ）。

7．Since 1979 foreign trade as a share of China's GNP has risen from 10％ to 45％．

译文：1979年以来，外资占中国（ ） 的比重从10％上升到45％。

8．是什么使他如此激动?

What is it that（ ）? 9．人民大会堂是一座多么雄伟的建筑物啊!

（ ）the Great Hall of the People is ！ 10．华北的气候与华南的不同。

The climate of North China迤different from（ ）． 11．成绩越大，越应谦虚。

The greater the achievements are（ ）. 12．中国山区面积占田地总面积的70％。

译文：Moreover，mountainous areas（ ） 70 percent of China's total territory．

四、Translation Improvement（改错）

Directions：Each of the following translations has one or more inadequacies．Improve the

given translations（下列单句译文有错误。如何改正?）．

例：Example：

原文：He asked after you． 译文：他在你之后发问。 改译：他问起你的情况。

1) It was not until bedtime that the boy remembered to do his homework． 译文：还没到睡觉时，这个小孩就想起了去做作业。 改正：

2) Besides，we were much too interested and too anxious to participate in the discussion to have time for foolishness.

译文：再说，我们十分有兴趣、十分急切，以至于没有去参加课堂讨论，也没有时间去胡闹捣乱。

改正：

3) I expect never to see him．He is such a bore．

译文：我想永远也不会见到他了。他真是个惹人厌烦的人。 改正：

4) The students。f Class 2 are in the charge of Miss 1、avlor． 译文：二班的学生负责管理泰勒小姐。 改正：

5) The time was hardly ten o'clock at night，but chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had almost emptied the street．

译文：还不到晚上10点钟，可是一阵阵的凉风夹杂着蒙蒙细雨几乎把街头一扫而空。 改正：

6) Look before you leap． 译文：你跳之前看一看。 改正：

7) Let's be patient．The decision has to come． 译文：让我们耐心一些，决定必须到来。 改正：

8) The train coming from Moscow will arrive in no time． 译文：来自莫斯科的火车不用时间将会到达。 改正：

9) 正如我们老师所说的，课后也应练习多讲英语。

译文：As our teacher said that we should practice speaking English after class． 改正：

10)起初我感到这本书很难懂。

译文：At first I felt very difficult to understand this book． 改正：

11)这个男孩学习迟钝。他不会读和写。

译文：The boy is slow in learning．He cannot read and write 改正：

12)你找到你的辞典了吗?

译文：Have you found out your dictionary? 改正：

13)汤姆是班上同学中最高的一个。

译文：Tom is the tallest of all his classmates． 改正：

14)译成英语后，句子的词序就完全不同了。

译文：The word order of the sentence is entirely different when translated into English． 改正：

15)这个发现在科学上意义重大。

译文：The discovery is great significance in science． 改正：

16) A successful scientist utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent．

译文：一位成功的科学家利用最大限度观察到的事实。 改译：

17) Lock the stable door after the horse is stolen．

译文：亡羊补牢，未为晚也。

改译：

18) It is a wise man that never makes mistakes．

译文：只有聪明的人才从不犯错误。 改译：

19) How long is it since you last wrote to him?

译文：你上次给他写信有多久了? 改译：

20) Until recently I knew nothing about it．

译文：到目前为止我还蒙在鼓里。 改译：

21) The elevator girl reads books between passengers．

译文：这位开电梯的女孩挤在乘客中间读书。 改译：

22) 我弟弟尽管是大学生，却连一封英文信都写不好。

译文：In spite 0f being a college student，my brother writes an English letter poorly． 改译：

23)请预先给我安排一个房间。

译文：Please arrange me a room in advance． 改译：

24) 各国人民的正义斗争是相互支持的。

译文：The just struggle of the people of the world support each other． 改译：

25) 这样做，有助于解决国家、厂长同群众的矛盾。

译文：Doing so，it will be helpful for us to solve the contradictions between the country，the

factory directors and the masses．

改译：

26) I don't believe that she ever had time to notice that she was growing old． 译文：我不相信她有工夫去注意自己是不是在日益衰老。

改正：

27) Last year，that figure，at 28％，was more than twice as high．

译文：去年，这一数字为28％，增加了两倍。 改正：

28) I tried vainly to put them together． 译文：我徒劳地想把它们拼在一起。

改正：

29) The canals were arteries of communication：they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges．

译文：运河是交通的动脉，它们不是为了走游艇，而是为了能行驳船。

改正：

30) 我家里生活苦，父亲做小买卖，母亲是家庭妇女。

译文：My family's life was hard up，my father was making small business，and my mother

was a housewife．

改正：

31) 合营企业需要时可在中国境外设立分支机构。

译文：When an equity joint venture needs，it may set up branches and subbranches outside China．

改正：

五、句子翻译

1．The fine snow，setting into this red grass and upon the few little evergreens and the headstones．100ked very pretty．

2．“She must be eighty-five if she is a day．”said Thorpe at last．

3．She was relaxed too，he could see，as he thought of the accumulated tension that had preceded their departure．

4．他站在那儿，手插在手袋里。

5．我英语讲的很好，这使老板很满意。

六、Paragraph Translation（段落翻译）

A. Directions：Translate the following passage into Chinese（将下列短文译成汉语）．(20’) 1．

There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece．The one most widely accepted today is based On the assumption that drama evolved from ritual．The argument for this view goes as follows．In the beginning，human beings viewed the natural forces of the

world——even the seasonal changes——as unpredictable，and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers．Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals．Eventually stories

arose which explained or veil。ed the mysteries Of the rites．As time passed some rituals were abandoned， but the stories，later called myths．persisted and provided material for art and drama. 2．

In science，a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related．A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced．A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory，in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion．

3. Men in all ways are better than they seem．They like flattery for the moment，but they know the truth for their own．It is foolish cowardice which keeps us from trusting them and speaking to them rude truth．They resent your honesty for an instant；they will thank you for it always．What is it we heartily wish of each other? Is it to be pleased or flattered? No，but to be convicted and exposed，to be shamed out of our nonsense of all kinds，and made men of，instead of ghosts and phantoms．We are weary of gliding ghostlike through the world，which is itself so slight and unreal．We crave a sense of reality，though it comes in strokes of pain．

B． Directions：Translate the following passage into English（将下列短文译成英语）． 1. 我一向仰慕衡山，久已想能游览这个五岳之一的名胜。衡山的自然风景秀丽，历史碑石林立。整个山脉绵延800里，南起衡阳回雁峰，北至长沙岳麓峰，共有72峰。

2.．“黄河之水天上来，奔流到海不复回”，这是唐朝伟大诗人李白对源远流长、雄伟奇险的黄河景象的生动写照。黄河是中国第二大河，全长五千多公里，发源于青藏高原的巴颜喀拉山，流经青海、甘肃、河南等九个省区，到山东省注入渤海。黄河流经黄土高原的时候，夹带着大量的泥沙，水色浑黄，成为世界上含沙量最大的沙河。“黄河”，就是由此而得名的。