2021-2022学年山东省德州市高一(上)期末英语试卷(附答案详解)

2021-2022学年山东省德州市高一（上）期末英语试卷

一、选词填空-句子（本大题共5小题，共15.0分） 1. 他们设法及时清理了校园里的积雪。（manage）______ 2. 没有什么能阻止他学习中国画。（prevent）______ 3. 如果你不断练习，你最终会说好英语。（end up）______

4. 在这个宁静的小村庄，人们和自然和谐相处。（in harmony with）______ 5. 他花了一个月的时间适应了高中生活。（adapt）______

二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

Disney World,Not To Be Missed! Are you still looking for an amusement park to enjoy yourselfThen,Disney World is your best choice!Disney World has four theme parks.The very best time to come here includes middle April to late May,and Labour Day to middle November or early December.You'll surely have a fantastic and memorable experience! Magic Kingdom

This is the original Disney park from which the entire Disney World has expanded.Once you get here,you can pose for photos with the Disney characters at the entrance.The children would almost certainly desire to see the Dumbo and Winnie.Just remember the parking lot is usually packed.You will need to walk to the entrance gate. Epcot Center

Epcot is divided into two sections：World Showcase and Future World.Future World is all about futuristic rides and high-tech attractions like Test Track and Turtle Talk with

Crush.World Showcase,which lies along a lake,shows international styles from different parts of the globe,including Germany,Canada,Mexico,China and a lot more. Animal Kingdom

If you're an animal lover,you'll really like the Animal Kingdom.The newest addition to it is the Expedition Everest ride plus the Finding Nemo stage show.It's very best to come here in the morning when animals are more active. Hollywood Studios

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You will discover plenty of huge attractions inside this movie park.Indiana Jones,Playhouse Disney Live,Beauty and the Beast Live on Stages and also the Lights,Motors,Actions Extreme Stunt Show are just few of what you need to watch out for.It is also the very best spot for taking pictures with Disney characters.

6. Which time does the author recommend to visit Disney？ ______

A. April 5th. C. November 22nd.

B. May 9th. D. December 20th.

7. Which theme park best suits people to experience multiculture ______

A. Magic Kingdom. C. Animal Kingdom.

B. Epcot Center. D. Hollywood Studios.

8. What does the author imply about the shows in Hollywood Studios？ ______

A. They are all attractive. B. Their pictures are the best. C. They need active animals. D. They are dangerous to children.

B

Su Min,a 56-year-old retiree from Henan Province in central China,has never been

happier.After finishing her family duty as a Chinese woman,Ms.Su is holding a new identity：fearless road-tripper.For six months,this Chinese aunt has been on a solo （独自的） drive across China,recording her journey for more than 1.35 million followers across several social media platforms.

Before last fall,Ms.Su had rarely traveled.But she had long been fond of the idea of driving.Growing up in Tibet,she sometimes missed the school bus home and had to walk 12 miles through the mountains.Each time a truck passed by,she imagined sitting behind the wheel,safe and comfortable.But cars were rare,and having one seemed impossible.Then,in late 2019，she came across a video online of someone introducing their camping equipment while on a solo road trip.She remembered her childhood dream of driving - the freedom and comfort it had represented.

Over the following months,she watched every video she could find about road trips.She took plentiful notes：which apps they used to find campsites and which tricks they had for saving money.Soon,she made up her mind：Once her grandsons entered preschool,she would a trip of her own.She had bought a small white car several years earlier,with her savings and a monthly

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pension of around ＄300.

In her videos,she was happy at her newfound freedom.She could go wherever she wanted and stop at any place she liked.Still,Ms.Su got shy when asked about her new fame. \"It took me so many years to realize that I had to live for myself.\" She paused,\"It's something I'm waking up to,not something that I just am.\"

9. Why was Su Min's childhood mentioned？ ______

A. To praise her rich imagination. B. To recall her childhood in Tibet. C. To indicate her desire for a truck. D. To show her deep love for road trip.

10. What does the underlined phrase \"embark on\" mean in paragraph 3？ ______

A. finish. B. miss. C. start. D. order.

11. How did the solo trip change Su Min？ ______

A. She started to pursue a life of her own. B. She came to realize the importance of family. C. She aimed to become an international celebrity. D. She decided to inspire more women to travel alone.

12. What's the best title for the text ______

A. A Retired Traveller Promoted Tourism B. Su Min's Identity Won World Attention C. A Chinese Aunt Went on a Solo Road Trip D. Followers Made Su Min's Dream Come True

C

The Chinese version of TikTok,Douyin,is introducing a \"teenage mode\" that will limit the amount of time to 40 minutes a day for children under the age of 14 who spend on the short-form video app.It will also be unavailable to those users between 10 p.m.and 6 a.m.The measures will apply to all Douyin users under the age of 14 who have registered using their real names,its company announced in a statement on Saturday.

The company also encourages parents to help their children use real names,or they can set the \"teenage mode\".The app will also introduce new content,ranging from science experiments and museums to art exhibition and natural scenery,to inspire younger teens.

Experts remark that limiting the usage of Douyin is an active measure which is of great benefit

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to minors（未成年人）.The decision will push other Internet platforms with short videos to consider setting similar limits.Self-management and voluntary change of the platforms can make them more socially responsible.

Douyin had at least 490 million users in November 2020，according to a media research firm.The Chinese government control the large amount of time minors spend on their services.In June,China changed the Minor Protection Law,which requires Internet service providers-including social media apps-to \"set up corresponding（相关的）functions such as time management,content restriction and consumption limits for minors.\"

Last month,China prevented online gamers under the age of 18 from playing on weekdays and limited their play to just three hours most weekends.A series of measures have been taken to further ensure the safety of businesses focused on the next generation,from a heavy hit on after-school classes to rules for online gaming and videos.

13. What will the company of Douyin do with its teenage mode？ ______

A. Limit the time for children to use Douyin. B. Encourage parents to use their real names. C. Allow children to use Douyin after 10 p.m. D. Attract more children to watch online videos.

14. Which opinion will the experts agree with probably ______

A. Limiting usage of Douyin is of little significance. B. The measures won't have effects on other platforms. C. The self-management of the Internet platforms is enough. D. The Internet platforms should take more responsibilities.

15. What can we infer about tech companies from paragraph 4？ ______

A. They wanted to take the place of Douyin. B. Their business should follow the new law. C. They refused to set up corresponding function.

D. Their influence was discovered by media research firms.

16. What's the main purpose of the government's measures ______

A. To encourage online games. B. To protect the next generation. C. To develop advanced technology. D. To reduce the kids' learning pressure.

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D

To solve a big environmental problem,chemists have been thinking small.Really small：a new mini robot with the purpose of helping clean up tiny plastic polluting water across the globe. The new microrobots,each of which is no bigger than the tip of a pencil,are magnetic（磁性的）and shaped like four-pointed stars.When the sunlight shines on them,they can swim in a specific direction；when the sunlight disappears,they stop moving.Finding a piece of plastic,they hold onto it,produce chemical reactions and start to break it down. The project is led by chemist Martin Pumera,a researcher who also studies ways to build microrobots at the Czech University in Prague.About ten years ago,he noticed the microplastic was everywhere,from the bottom of the ocean to the ice on the top of mountains.It even turned up in drinking water,both bottled and tap water.Just think about how much plastic you encounter every day.It doesn't easily degrade（降解），which is a big

problem.Therefore,Pumera chose to focus on the problem of water pollution caused by microplastic.

The researchers tested the microrobots on four types of plastic in the lab.After a week,all four began degrading,losing between 0.5 and 3 percent of their weight,which indicated they were breaking down.The robots also turned the plastic's smooth surface into rough.Finally,they could be collected for reuse along with the plastic waste without causing new pollution. In fact,Pumera says they still have a long way to go.These microrobots are unlikely to succeed in degrading all types of plastics.They'll also need a lot of testing to show that they're safe in open waterways,such as at sea.But he thinks that these challenges can be

overcome.Someday,the microrobots will play a big role in a worldwide cleanup effort. 17. What can be learned about the new microrobot ______

A. It is of a round shape. C. It is driven by sunlight.

B. It is as small as a pencil. D. It uses physical reaction.

18. What inspired Pumera to design the microrobot？ ______

A. The ice on the mountains. C. The lack of drinking water.

B. Secrets of the ocean bottom. D. The microplastic pollution.

19. How does a microrobot deal with the plastic？ ______

A. Collecting it for reuse. B. Making its surface smooth.

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C. Absorbing it completely. D. Breaking it down to some extent.

20. What is Pumera's attitude to their future research？ ______

A. Doubtful.

B. Confident. C. Regretful. D. Critical.

三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）

After his father was sent to the hospital,Desouvre fell into a great anxiety.So he did the one thing to calm himself：He wrote.Over the next few weeks,Desouvre filled several

notebooks,writing about his worry as well as his happy memories with his dad. (1) .It is referred to as \"expressive writing.\" People who do this,recording their deepest thoughts and feelings,often show mental and physical health.

Expressive writing works because it allows you to make meaning out of a painful

experience.Recognizing that something is bothering you is an important first step. (2) .It allows you to take careful thought and keep a sense of control.

(3) .The more you avoid a problem,the more trouble you will have with it.That's because you create a circle of fear and anxiety,which increases negative emotions.Of course,to face emotion is more than thinking or talking about it,which can lead you to get lost in your emotions.On the contrary,writing can discourage the neural （神经的） instant activity in the threat area of the brain. (4) .

Expressive writing can result in lower depressive symptoms （症状），greater positive mood,and a good appreciation for life.Don't worry about spelling or grammar,and don't share your writing with anyone. (5) .The goal of the expressive writing is to find a true meaning in an unsettling event.

A.Writing causes your anxiety. B.But do dig deep into your feelings.

C.Expressive writing has become a popular major. D.It forces you to avoid getting lost in your emotions. E.Writing such a difficult situation helped him to face his fear.

F.Expressive writing is powerful for the people unwilling to face emotions. G.And then translating it into words leads you to organize your thoughts.

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21. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

22. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

23. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

24. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F

G. G

25. A. A

E

B. B

C. C D. D E.

F. F G. G

四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）

The little cow Jenna and her twin brother were born on a North Carolina dairy farm in 2018.For some reason Jenna was (26) with being killed shortly after her birth. (27)，the farmer's 16-year-old son persuaded his dad to let him find a (28) for Jenna instead.When Jenna was just three days old,I drove from Williamsburg to Durham to (29) the little cow.

Jenna was so sweet and tiny that I was too (30) to stop during the ride home.Sure,she had a few (31) on the road,but nothing could change my mind to rescue this little cow.

I(32) Jenna three bottles a day for six months and spent many nights in the barnto make （畜棚）sure she never felt(33).She loved to circle and chase me at(34) time.Occasionally,she shook her head and (35) it onto my head -and felt bad as soon as she realized she(36) me.She had so much fun pretending our(37) was close to equal,even though she could (38) throw me across the yard if she wanted to.

I take her for walks around our city.The(39) people always stare at me with a cow in a bright pink coat.She is so much like a cute doggy- a dog who (40) so much. 26. A. compared 27. A. Suddenly 28. A. doctor 29. A. take up 30. A. careless 31. A. accidents 32. A. showed

B. faced B. Obviously B. cave B. live with B. strange B. changes B. raised

C. tested C. Fortunately C. market C. pick up C. surprised C. choices C. fed

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D. stuck D. Curiously D. home D. chat with D. nervous D. worries D. threw

33. A. lonely 34. A. story 35. A. covered 36. A. excited 37. A. strength 38. A. angrily 39. A. relaxed 40. A. cares

B. bored B. pillow B. knocked B. amused B. height B. happily B. puzzled B. weighs

C. tired C. book C. lifted C. caught C. sight C. easily C. delighted C. barks

D. silly D. bottle D. pointed D. hurt D. right D. gently D. annoyed D. plays

五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

41. The Chinese writing system is one main reason why Chinese ancient civilisation （文明）

has continued into modern times.

At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.It dates from the use of longgu- animal bones and shells on which symbols (1) （ carve） by ancient Chinese people.By the Shang Dynasty,these symbols had become a (2) （ complete） developed writing system.Over the years,the system developed into different forms, (3) （ lead） to many varieties of dialects and characters.However,Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major (4) （state）into one country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.That writing system was of great (5) （ important） in uniting the Chinese people and culture.In modern times,written Chinese has become (6) important means by which China's present is connected with (7) （ it） past.People can read the classic works (8) were written by Chinese in ancient times.

Today, (9) China playing a greater role in global affairs,an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this (10) （amaze）language.Therefore,the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

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(7) (8) (9) (10)

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

42. 假定你是李华，乒乓球是你校传统运动项目。你的英国朋友Terry来信想了解相关

情况，请你写一封回信，内容包括： 1.开展历史； 2.课程和活动； 3.受欢迎程度。 注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Terry,

_______________________ Yours, Li Hua

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答案和解析

1.【答案】They managed to clean up the snow on campus/in the school in time.

【解析】分析句子，句子应用一般过去时。\"设法做某事\"译为manage to do sth.。\"清理\"译为clear up；\"在校园\"译为on campus/in the school。\"及时\"译为in time。句子译为They managed to clean up the snow on campus/in the school in time. 故填：They managed to clean up the snow on campus/in the school in time. 他们设法及时清理了校园里的积雪。

考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

2.【答案】Nothing can prevent him （from） learning Chinese painting.

【解析】分析句子，阻止某人做某事译为prevent sb.from doing sth.。\"没有什么\"译为nothing。整个句子译为Nothing can prevent him （from） learning Chinese painting。 故填：Nothing can prevent him （from） learning Chinese painting. 没有什么能阻止他学习中国画。

考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

3.【答案】If you keep practising,you will end up speaking English well.

【解析】分析句子，\"如果你不断练习\"译为if引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时表将来，译为If you keep practising；\"你最终会说好英语\"为主句，用一般将来时，译为you will end up speaking English well。

故填：If you keep practising,you will end up speaking English well. 如果你不断练习，你最终会说好英语。

考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

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4.【答案】In this peaceful/quiet village,people live in harmony with nature.

【解析】分析句子，该句应用一般现在时。\"在这个宁静的小村庄\"译为In this peaceful/quiet village；\"人们和自然和谐相处\"译为people live in harmony with nature。

故填：In this peaceful/quiet village,people live in harmony with nature. 在这个宁静的小村庄，人们和自然和谐相处。

考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

5.【答案】He spent a month adapting （himself） to the senior high school life.

\"花费时间做某事\"译为spend some 【解析】分析句子，句子应用一般过去时。结合句意，time doing sth.。\"适应\"译为adapt to\"；（oneself）高中生活\"译为the senior high school life。整句话译为He spent a month adapting （himself） to the senior high school life. 故填：He spent a month adapting （himself） to the senior high school life. 他花了一个月的时间适应了高中生活。

考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

6~8.【答案】B、B、A

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段The very best time to come here includes middle April to late May,and Labour Day to middle November or early December.来这里的最佳时间B.May 9th.包括四月中旬至五月下旬，以及劳动节至十一月中旬或十二月初。可知，（五月9号）符合作者建议的参观迪士尼的时间。故选B。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据小标题Epcot Center中World Showcase,which lies along a lake,shows international styles from different parts of the globe,including

Germany,Canada,Mexico,China and a lot more.世界展示馆，坐落在一个湖边，展示了来自世界各地的国际风格，包括德国、加拿大、墨西哥和中国等。可知，这里展示了来自世界各地的国际风格，因此在Epcot Center主题公园最适合人们体验多元文化，故选B。 （3）A.推理判断题。根据小标题Hollywood Studios中的You will discover plenty of huge

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attractions inside this movie park.Indiana Jones,Playhouse Disney Live,Beauty and the Beast Live on Stages and also the Lights,Motors,Actions Extreme Stunt Show are just few of what you need to watch out for.It is also the very best spot for taking pictures with Disney characters.在这个电影公园里，你会发现许多最具吸引力的景点。印第安纳琼斯，剧场迪士尼现场直播，美女和野兽现场直播，也灯光，汽车，行动极端特技表演只是几个你需要注意的。这里也是与迪士尼人物合影的最佳地点。可知，景点棒且还可以与迪士尼人物合影，可得出作者认为这些节目很吸引人，故选A。

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了迪士尼的4个主题公园的相关信息，分别是Magic Kingdoma；Epcot；Disney's Animal Kingdom以及Disney's Hollywood Studios。 做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

9~12.【答案】D、C、A、C

【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据第二段中的

But she had long been fond of the idea of driving.Growing up in Tibet,she sometimes missed the school bus home and had to walk 12 miles through the mountains.Each time a truck passed by,she imagined sitting behind the wheel,safe and comfortable.But cars were rare,and having one seemed impossible.Then,in late 2019，

she came across a video online of someone introducing their camping equipment while on a solo road trip.She remembered her childhood dream of driving -

the freedom and comfort it had represented.（但她早就喜欢开车了。她在长大，有时会错过校车回家，不得不步行12英里穿过山区。每次卡车经过时，她都会想象自己坐在方向盘后面，既安全又舒适。但是汽车很少见，而且拥有一辆似乎是不可能的。然后，在2019年底，她在网上看到了一段视频，有人在独自自驾游时介绍了他们的露营设备。她还记得儿时开车的梦想---它所代表的自由和舒适。）可知，小时候苏敏就喜欢开车、想开车，可得出提到苏敏的童年是为了表明她热爱公路旅行的背景。故选D。 （2）C.词句猜测题。根据第三段中的Soon,she made up her mind：

Once her grandsons entered preschool,she would a trip of her own.She had bought a small white car several years earlier,with her savings and a monthly pension of around ＄300.（很很快，她下定决心：一旦她的孙子们进入幼儿园，她将开始自己的旅行。几年前，她用自己的积蓄和每月大约300美元的养老金买了一辆白色小车。）可知，苏敏买车了，

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embark on在此处意为\"\"start （开始）说明等孙子们上学她就要开始自己的公路旅行了，

\"。结合选项A.finish完成；B.miss错过，想念；C.start开始；D.order命令，订购。故选C。

（3）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的

\"It took me so many years to realize that I had to live for myself.\" She paused,\"It's something I'm waking up to,not something that I just am.\"（\"我花了这么多年才意识到，我必须为自己而活。\"她停顿了一下，\"这是我逐渐意识到的事情，而不是我本来的样子。\"）可知，苏敏意识到必须为自己而活，即认识到了她应该追求自己的生活。故选A。 （4）C.标题确定题。根据第一段

Su Min,a 56-year-old retiree from Henan Province in central China,has never been happier.After finishing her family duty as a Chinese woman,Ms.Su is holding a new identity：fearless road-tripper.For six months,this Chinese aunt has been on a solo （独自

的） drive across China,recording her journey for more than 1.35 million followers across several social media platforms.（来自中国中部河南省的56岁退休人员苏敏（音译）从未如此快乐过。在完成了作为中国女性的家庭职责后，她说。苏现在有了一个新身份：无畏的自驾游者。六个月来，这位中国阿姨独自驾车环游中国，她的旅程在几个社交媒体平台上吸引了135万粉丝。）可知，文章主要讲述了56岁的中国阿姨苏敏，一位无所畏惧的公路旅行者，独自驾车穿越中国，追寻自我与，吸引了众多粉丝，还介绍了她开始这一旅行的背景知识和感悟，因此 C项A Chinese Aunt Went on a Solo Road Trip（一个中国阿姨独自自驾游）最符合文章标题。故选C。

本文是一篇人物故事类记叙文。文章讲述了五十多岁的网络红人苏女士选择摆脱家庭束缚，独自开车旅行的事。

考查人物故事类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

13~16.【答案】A、D、B、B

【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。根据第一段中\"The Chinese version of TikTok,Douyin，is introducing a \"teenage mode\" that will limit the amount of time to 40 minutes a day for children under the age of 14 who spend on the short-form video app. \"（中国版抖音正在引入一种\"青少年模式\"，将 14 岁以下儿童在短视频应用上花费的时间为每天40 分钟。）可知，抖音公司将孩子使用抖音的时间。故选A项。

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（2）D．推理判断题。根据第三段中\"Experts remark that limiting the usage of Douyin is an active measure which is of great benefit to minors （未成年人）.\"（专家表示，抖音的使用是一种积极的措施，对未成年人有很大的好处。）以及根据第三段中 \"Self-management and voluntary change of the platforms can make them more socially responsible.\"（平台的自我管理和自愿改变可以让他们更有社会责任感。）可知，专家们认为平台的自我管理和自愿改变可以让他们更有社会责任感，因此专家们可能会同意互联网平台应该承担更多责任。故选D项。

B．（3）推理判断题。根据第四段中\"In June,China changed the Minor Protection Law,which requires Internet service providers —including social media apps—to \"set up corresponding （相关的） functions such as time management,content restriction and consumption limits for minors.\"\"（今年6 月，中国修改了《未成年人保》，要求互联网服务提供商--包括社交媒体应用程序--\"为未成年人设置相应的时间管理、内容和消费等功能\"。）可知，通过法律的修改，中国更加注重对未成年人的保护，因此我们可以推断出科技公司的生意应该遵守新法律。故选B项。

B．（4）目的意图题。根据最后一段中\"A series of measures have been taken to further ensure the safety of businesses focused on the next generation,from a heavy hit on after-school classes to rules for online gaming and videos.\"（为进一步确保以下一代为重点的事业的安全，已经采取了一系列措施，从重创课后培训到在线游戏和视频的规则。）可知，措施的主要目的是为了保护下一代。故选B项。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了抖音引进\"青少年模式\"，青少年使用时间。 做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

17~20.【答案】C、D、D、B

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段When the sunlight shines on them,they can swim in a specific direction；when the sunlight disappears,they stop moving.当阳光照在它们身上时，它们可以朝特定的方向游去；当阳光消失时，它们停止移动。可知，新型微型机器人是由阳光驱动的。故选C。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段About ten years ago,he noticed the microplastic was everywhere,from the bottom of the ocean to the ice on the top of mountains.It even turned up in

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drinking water,both bottled and tap water.Just think about how much plastic you encounter every day.It doesn't easily degrade （降解），which is a big problem.Therefore,Pumera chose to focus on the problem of water pollution caused by microplastic.大约十年前，他注意到微塑料无处不在，从海底到山顶的冰。它甚至出现在饮用水中，包括瓶装水和自来水。想想你每天都会遇到多少塑料。它不容易降解，这是一个大问题。因此，Pumera选择关注微塑料造成的水污染问题。可知，微塑料不容易降解，无处不在，微塑料污染给环境带来了挑战，这是吸引Pumera从事该项研究的原因之一，由此可知，微塑料污染激发了Pumera设计微型机器人的灵感。故选D。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据第四段The researchers tested the microrobots on four types of plastic in the lab.After a week,all four began degrading,losing between 0.5 and 3 percent of their weight,which indicated they were breaking down.研究人员在实验室用四种塑料对微型机器人进行了测试。一周后，所有四种塑料都开始降解，四种塑料的重量减轻了0.5%到3%，这表明塑料正在分解。可知，仅一周时间，塑料体重减轻，说明微型机器人可以在某种程度上分解塑料。故选D。

（4）B.观点态度题。根据最后一段But he thinks that these challenges can be

overcome.Someday,the microrobots will play a big role in a worldwide cleanup effort.但他认为这些挑战是可以克服的。总有一天，微型机器人将在世界范围内的清理工作中发挥重要作用。可知，Pumera认为研究中的这些挑战是可以克服的，微型机器人在未来将发挥重要作用，他对未来的研究很有信心（Confident）。A.Doubtful怀疑的；B.Confident自信的；C.Regretful后悔的；D.Critical批评的。故选B。

本文是一篇健康环保类阅读，主要介绍了一种新型微型机器人，它可以帮助清理全球污染水道的塑料碎片。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

21~25.【答案】E、G、F、D、B

E．【解析】（1）推理判断题。由第一段上文\"After his father was sent to the hospital,Desouvre fell into a great anxiety.So he did the one thing to calm himself：He wrote. （父亲被送进医院后，德苏夫陷入了极大的焦虑之中。所以他做了一件事让自己平静下来：他写作）\"和第一段下文\"It is referred to as \"expressive writing.\" People who do this,recording their deepest thoughts and feelings,often show mental and physical health.（它被称为\"表达性写作

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\"。这样做的人，记录他们最深刻的思想和感受，往往表现出心理和身体健康）\"及第二段中\"Expressive writing works because it allows you to make meaning out of a painful experience. （表达性写作之所以有效，是因为它能让你从痛苦的经历中找到意义）\"可知，表达性写作对于处于焦虑中的德苏夫有用，通过写作它能让德苏夫在困境中平静下来，承接上下文，E选项\"写下如此困难的处境帮助他面对恐惧。\"切题。故选E项。 （2）G．细节理解题。由本段上文\"Expressive writing works because it allows you to make meaning out of a painful experience.Recognizing that something is bothering you is an important first step. （表达性写作之所以有效，是因为它能让你从痛苦的经历中找到意义。认识到有什么事情困扰着你是重要的第一步）\"可知，上文在讲如何进行表达性写作的步骤，第一步就是要认识到有什么事情困扰着你，可得出第二步应该是以\"困扰你的事\"为中心，把这件烦恼的事转变成文字书写出来，承接上文，G选项\"然后把它转变成文字，引导你组织你的思想。\"切题。故选G项。

（3）F．推理判断题。由本段下文\"The more you avoid a problem,the more trouble you will have with it.That's because you create a circle of fear and anxiety,which increases negative emotions.Of course,to face emotion is more than thinking or talking about it,which can lead you to get lost in your emotions.On the contrary,writing can discourage the neural （神经的） instant activity in the threat area of the brain. （你越是避免一个问题，你就会有更多的麻烦。那是因为你制造了一个恐惧和焦虑的循环，这会增加负面情绪。当然，面对情绪不仅仅是思考或谈论情绪，这会让你迷失在情绪中。相反，写作可以抑制大脑威胁区域的神经即时活动）\"可知，避免问题的人，焦虑恐惧情绪会加剧，但写作能抑制对大脑产生威胁的负面情绪，说明表达性写作对于不愿意面对情绪的人来说有用，承接下文，F选项\"表达性写作对于不愿意面对情绪的人来说很有力量。\"切题。故选F项。 （4）D．联系上文题。由本段上文\"The more you avoid a problem,the more trouble you will have with it.That's because you create a circle of fear and anxiety,which increases negative emotions.Of course,to face emotion is more than thinking or talking about it,which can lead you to get lost in your emotions.On the contrary,writing can discourage the neural （神经的） instant activity in the threat area of the brain. （你越是避免一个问题，你就会有更多的麻烦。那是因为你制造了一个恐惧和焦虑的循环，这会增加负面情绪。当然，面对情绪不仅仅是思考或谈论情绪，这会让你迷失在情绪中。相反，写作可以抑制大脑威胁区域的神经即时活动）\"可知，避免问题的人，焦虑恐惧情绪会加剧，但写作能抑制对大脑产D选项\"它迫使你避免迷失在情绪中。生威胁的负面情绪，不会让人被负面情绪所控制，\"承接上文讲表达性写作对于不愿意面对情绪的人的有利作用。故选D项。

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（5）B．联系下文题。由下文\"The goal of the expressive writing is to find a true meaning in an unsettling event. \"可知，（表达性写作的目标是在令人不安的事件中找到真正的意义）此处与下文是因果关系，因为表达性写作的目标是在令人不安的事件中找到真正的意义，所以要挖掘导致自我不安感受背后的原因，承接下文，B选项\"但是一定要深入挖掘你的感受。\"切题。故选B项。

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了表达性写作对于治疗创伤的好处。 关于选句填空的做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。 步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。 步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。 步骤五：区分相似项。

26~40.【答案】B、C、D、C、D、A、C、A、D、B、D、A、C、B、B

【解析】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.compared比较；B.faced面对；C.tested测试；D.stuck击打。句意：出于某种原因，珍娜在出生后不久就面临着被杀的危险。由下文的\"being killed shortly after her birth\"可知，小母牛珍娜出生后不久，就面临着被杀的危险，be faced with表示\"面对\"。\"故选B项。

（2）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.Suddenly突然地；B.Obviously明显地；C.FortunatelyD.Curiously好奇地。幸运地；句意：幸运的是，这位农民16岁的儿子说服了他的父亲，让他替珍娜找个家。由下文的

\"When Jenna was just three days old,I drove from Williamsburg to Durham to （4）the little cow.\"和\"but nothing could change my mind to rescue this little cow.\"可知，这位农民16岁的儿子帮珍娜找到了作者作为主人养她，很幸运珍娜被救了。故选C项。 （3）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.doctor医生；B.cave洞穴；C.market市场；D.home家园。句意：幸运的是，这位农民16岁的儿子说服了他的父亲，让他替珍娜找个家。由下文的\"When Jenna was just three days old,I drove from Williamsburg to Durham to （4）the little cow.\"和\"but nothing could change my mind to rescue this little cow.\"可知，这位农民16岁的儿子帮珍娜找到了作者作为主人养她，珍娜不用死去，有了一个家。故选D项。

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（4）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.take up占据；B.live with同住；C.pick up接载；D.chat with与闲聊。句意：珍娜只有三天大的时候，我开车从威廉斯堡到达勒姆去接那头小母牛。由上文的

\"When Jenna was just three days old,I drove from Williamsburg to Durham\"和下文的\"during the ride home\"可知，作者成为了珍娜的主人，开车把珍娜接回家。故选C项。 （5）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.careless粗心的；B.strange奇怪的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.nervous紧张的。句意：珍娜是如此可爱和娇小，以至于我在回家的路上紧张得停不下来。由上文的

\"When Jenna was just three days old,\"Jenna was so sweet and tiny that I was too to stop \"（5）可知，珍娜只有三天大，很小，作者担心珍娜出意外，所以很紧张，以至于停车看珍娜怎么样了。故选D项。

A.考查名词及语境理解。A.accidents意外；B.changes改变；C.choices选择；D.worries（6）

担忧。句意：当然，她在路上出过几次意外，但没有什么能改变我拯救这头小母牛的想法。由上文的\"When When Jenna was just three days old,\"Jenna was so sweet and tiny \"和下文的\" but nothing could change my mind to rescue this little cow\"可知，作者拯救了珍娜，可得出珍娜只有三天大，很小，作者开车接她回家，或多或少，这么小的生命在途中会出点意外。故选A项。

（7）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.showed展示；B.raised提升；C.fed喂养；D.threw扔。句意：我每天给珍娜喂三瓶奶，持续六个月，并在谷仓里度过许多夜晚，以确保她从不感到孤独。由下文的\"Jenna three bottles a day \"可知，作者一天喂珍娜三瓶奶。故选C项。 A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.lonely孤独的；B.bored无聊的；C.tired疲倦的；D.silly（8）

患蠢的。句意：我每天给珍娜喂三瓶奶，持续六个月，并在谷仓里度过许多夜晚，以确保她从不感到孤独。由上文的\"spent many nights in the barn\"可知，作者多个夜晚在谷仓过夜，是为了陪珍娜，让她感到不孤独。故选A项。

（9）D.考查名词词义辨析。A.story故事；B.pillow枕头；C.book书；D.bottle奶瓶。句意：她喜欢在喝奶的时候围着我转、追赶我。由上文的\"I（7）Jenna three bottles a day \"可知，作者一天给珍娜三瓶奶，这时作者在珍娜身边，她喝奶时喜欢围着作者转。故选D项。

B.考查动词及语境理解。A.covered覆盖；B.knocked撞，C.lifted举起；D.pointed（10）碰；指出。句意：偶尔，她摇摇头，把它撞到我的头上一当她意识到自己伤害了我时，她感到很难过。由上文的\"She loved to circle and chase me at（9）

time.Occasionally,she shook her head \"可知，此处指珍娜喜欢和作者玩耍，不知轻重地把

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自己的头撞到了作者的头上。故选B项。

（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.excited使激动；B.amused逗乐；C.caught抓住；D.hurt伤害。句意：偶尔，她摇摇头，把它撞到我的头上一当她意识到自己伤害 了我时，她感到很难过。由上文的\"She loved to circle and chase me at（9）

time.Occasionally,she shook her head \"和下文的\"felt bad\"可知，珍娜喜欢和作者玩耍，不知轻重地把自己的头撞到了作者的头上，她知道自己伤害了作者，所以难过。故选D项。

（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.strength力量；B.height高度；C.sight视力；D.right权力。句意：她假装我们的力量几乎相等，玩得很开心，尽管如果她想的话，她可以轻而易举地把我扔到院子的另一边。由下文的\"she could （13）

throw me across the yard if she wanted to.\"可知，如果珍娜想的话，她的力量可以轻而易举地把作者扔到院子的另一边，但为了不让作者受伤，珍娜只能假装她们的力量几乎相等。故选A项。

（13）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.angrily生气地；B.happily快乐地；C.easily容易地；D.gently温柔地。句意：她假装我们的力量几乎相等，玩得很开心，尽管如果她想的话，她可以轻而易举地把我扔到院子的另一边。由上文语境可知，珍娜是一头母牛，长大了，力量比人类大，所以可以轻而易举地把作者扔到院子的另一边。故选C项。 （14）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.relaxed放松的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.delighted高兴D.annoyed恼怒的。的；句意：困惑的人们总是盯着我看，一头穿着亮粉色外套的奶牛。由下文的\" people always stare at me with a cow in a bright pink coat\"可知，作者养母牛作宠物，这在常人看来很少见，所以人们很困惑。故选B项。

（15）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.cares照顾；B.weighs有重量；C.barks吠叫；D.plays玩耍。句意：她很像一只可爱的小狗一只体重很重的狗。由上文语境和上文的\"is so much like a cute doggy\"可知，作者把宠物母牛珍娜与宠物狗相比，母牛很重，就像一只体重很重的狗。故选B项。

这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者拯救了一头小母牛Jenna（珍娜），并把她当作宠物养大的故事。

完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。

41.【答案】【小题1】were carved

【小题2】completely

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【小题3】leading 【小题4】states 【小题5】importance 【小题6】an 【小题7】its 【小题8】which/that 【小题9】with 【小题10】amazing

【解析】（1）were carved.考查动词时态和语态。句意：它可以追溯到使用龙骨——古代中国人在动物骨骼和贝壳上雕刻符号。此处是on which引导的性定语从句，从句主语symbols和从句谓语动词carve是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，从句主语symbols是复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were carved。 （2）completely.考查副词。句意：到了商代，这些符号已经成为一个完全成熟的文字体系。用副词completely作状语，修饰形容词developed。故填completely。

（3）leading.考查现在分词。句意：多年来，该系统发展成不同的形式，导致方言和文字的多种多样。本句已有谓语developed且无连词，动词lead用非谓语形式，此处表自然而然、意料之中的结果，lead用现在分词（doing）做结果状语。故填leading。 states.考查可数名词的复数。（4）句意：然而，秦始皇将七个主要国家合并为一个国家，中国文字系统开始朝着一个方向发展。state是可数名词，由数词seven修饰，用其名词复数形式。故填states。

（5）importance.考查不可数名词。句意：这种书写体系对于团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。of +名词=相应形容词，此处用抽象名词importance,为不可数名词，故填importance。

（6）an.考查冠词。句意：在现代，书面汉语已经成为中国联系过去和现在的一种重要手段。此处泛指\"一种重要手段\"，important以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 （7）its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在现代，书面汉语已经成为中国联系过去和现在的一种重要手段。此处用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词past,指\"（中国的）过去\"。故填its。

（8）which/that.考查定语从句。句意：人们可以阅读由中国古人写的经典著作。此处是定语从句，先行词是the classic works,指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which/that。

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故填which/that。

（9）with.考查介词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。此处是\"with +名词/代词（宾语）+非谓语动词（宾补）\"with复合结构。故填with。

（10）amazing.考查形容词。句意：今天，随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。修饰形容人用-ed形容词，修饰形容词物用-ing形容词，此处修饰物language,用-ing形容词amazing作定语。故填amazing。

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国汉字书写系统的起源、发展和重要性。

语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

42.【答案】Dear Terry,

I know you are interested in table tennis in our school,and I want to tell you some details.（点明主题）

Table tennis is a traditional sport in our school.Since the establishment of the school,our school has offered table tennis lessons. We have table tennis lessons twice 【高分句型一】（简述历史）a week,and the school organizes a table tennis match every term.（课程和活动）Table tennis is very popular among our students.We can not only get pleasure from playing table tennis,but also become stronger.【高分句型二】（受欢迎程度）

I hope you can join us and have fun.Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua

Since the establishment of the school,our school has offered table tennis 【解析】高分句型一：lessons.

翻译：自学校成立以来，我们学校开设了乒乓球课。 分析：本句使用了since引导的时间状语从句。

高分句型二：We can not only get pleasure from playing table tennis,but also become stronger. 翻译：我们不仅能从打乒乓球中获得乐趣，而且还能变得更强壮。 分析：本句使用了固定句式not only...but also...意为\"不但...而且...\"。

提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文

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意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。

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