必修1 Unit 2 English around the world 要点梳理
高效梳理·知识备考 ●重点单词
1.official adj.官方的;正式的;公务的→office n.办公室→officer n. 2.voyage n.航行;航海
3.native adj.本国的;本地的 n.本地人;本国人 4.actually adv.实际上;事实上
5.base vt.以„„为根据n.基部;基地;基础→basic adj.基本的;基础的 6.gradual adj.逐渐的,逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地,逐步地
7.identity n.本身;本体;身份→identical adj.相同的,一样的→identify v.确定;认出;鉴定 8.fluent adj.流利的;流畅的→fluently adv.流利地,流畅地→fluency n.流利,流畅 9.frequent adj.频繁的;常见的→frequently adv.常常;频繁地→frequency n.频率;频度 10.usage n.使用;用法;词语惯用法→useful adj.有用的→use n. & v.使用,利用 11.command n. & vt.命令;指令;掌握→commander n.指挥员,司令员 12.request n.& vt.请求;要求
13.expression n.词语;表示;表达→express v.表达→expressive adj.富于表情的;有表现力的
14.recognize vt.辨认出;承认;公认→recognizable adj.容易认出的;易于识别的→recognition n.认出;认识;识别
15.accent n.口音;腔调;重音 16.lightning n.闪电
17.straight adv.直接地;挺直地 adj.直的;笔直的;正直的
●重点句型
1.Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多,他们有的把英语作为第一语言来说,有的把它作为第二语言或外语。
2.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英语为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互交流。
3.Believe it or not,_there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。 考点探究
互动探究·能力备考 Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1.native adj. 本地的,出生地的;天赋的n. 本地人;出生于某国的人 be native to... 原产于某地
one’s native country/land 本国,祖国 native place 出生地
one’s native language 本国语,本族语,母语 a native of 当地人/产于„„的动/植物
(1)China is our ____________, and Chinese is our ____________. 中国是我们的祖国,汉语是我们的母语。 2.base vt.以„„为根据 n.基部;基地;基础 base sth. on/upon sth.以„„为基础(或根据)
base sb./sth./oneself in以„„为据点(或总部等),把(总部等)设在 the base of a column/glass/pyramid柱基/玻璃杯底/金字塔底座
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a military/naval base军事/海军基地
What are you ______ this theory ______? 你这种理论的根据是什么?
3.command n.[C]命令;指令[U]掌握 vt. & vi.命令;指挥;支配 at one’s command随心所欲地 at/by one’s command奉某人之命 in command of指挥;统帅
under one’s command由„„指挥 take command of担任„„的指挥 have a good command of很好地掌握 command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事 command that...(should) do...命令„„
She ______________________________ the German language. 她精通德语。
4.request n. & vt. 请求,要求
request sth. of/from sb.向某人请求某物 request sb. to do sth.请求某人做某事 request that sb. (should) do sth.请求„„ It’s requested that...据要求„„ at one’s request
at the request of sb.应某人之请求 be in request有需要,受欢迎
make a request for sth.请求,要求„„
(3)May I ______ your attention?请你们注意一下好吗? 5.recognize vt. 辨认出;承认 recognition n.认出,识别
recognizable adj.可认出的 recognized adj.公认的
recognize sb. /sth. by /from...根据„„认出某人/事(物) recognize sb./sth. as/to be...承认某人(物)是„„ It’s recognized that...人们公认„„ out of/beyond recognition认不出来
(3)________________________ environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems. 人们一致认为环境污染已经成了最严重的问题之一。 6.because of因为,由于
because of是介词短语,后跟名词、代词或动名词。 because是连词,后跟从句。
(2)It was __________________ that he had gone abroad. 就是为了她,他才出国的。
7.come up走近;(植物)长出地面;(太阳)升起;出现;被提及 (1)=come forward走近;赶上;上来 (2)=rise; come to a higher place
(esp. the sun, the moon)(太阳、月亮)升起
(3)=be brought up for discussion; be mentioned被提出讨论,被谈到;引起注意 (4)=occur/happen(尤指意想不到地)发生
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(5)=present oneself出席,参加,到场
(6)=appear above the soil; begin to grow露出地面,发芽 写出下列各句中come up的意思。
(1)I’ll let you know if anything comes up.____________
(2)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.________________ (3)Your question came up at the meeting.________________
(4)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.___________ (5)The young trees have come up._________
(6)I came up for an interview but didn’t get the job.________ 拓展:come up with想出;提出 come about发生
come across偶遇;偶然发现(=come upon) come along一道来;一起去;进步;赶快 come back回来;记起
come on(风、雨等)到来;演出;赶快;得了吧 come out出版;出来,出现;结果是 come to苏醒;总计;达到;谈到
8.make use of利用;使用 make full use of充分利用 make the best use of尽量利用
make good use of好好利用,合理利用 make little use of没有很好地利用
(1) We should ____________________ every minute to learn well. 我们应该充分利用每一分钟好好学习。 拓展:be of great use很有用 go out of use不被使用,废弃 come into use开始被使用 be in use在使用中
bring/put...to use加以使用
【注意】在学习语言的过程中应注意语言的活用以及词的搭配。
How much do you know about the use that we have made_of the money?(句子中use做先行词,关系代词that代替use,在定语从句中做make的宾语。) 我们对钱的使用情况你了解多少?
9.play a role/part in在„„中担任角色;在„„中起作用 play an important role/part in在„„方面起重要作用 play the role of sb.=play/act the part of sb. (在剧中)扮演某人的角色
play the leading role起主要(带头)作用
(1)Science and technology ____________ ____________ developing agriculture. 科技在发展农业中起重要作用。
【提示】play a role/part in是“动词+名词+介词”构成的动词短语,这类短语有两个重要考点: (1)用名词做主语,用于被动句;
(2)用名词做先行词,用于定语从句。类似短语有:make use of, pay attention to等。
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Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所说的英语不尽相同,也可以相互交流。 句中 even if 相当于 even though, 意为“即使;尽管”,引导让步状语从句。even if/though 引导的从句中可用现在时代替将来时。
拓展:(1)引导让步状语从句的引导词还有 although, though, no matter when/what..., whenever, wherever, however 等等。
(2)as也可以引导让步状语从句,但要把其表语、谓语或宾语前置,且前置的单数名词不可以加冠词。 【即境活用1】(2007·浙江)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______they knew it to be valuable. A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that
2.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。 (1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语。
(2)no such thing 没有这样的事情。such与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时,应位于它们的后面。 【即境活用2】(2009·安徽)I’m amazed to hear from my school teacher again. ______, it is ten years since we met last. A.In a word B.What’s more
C.That’s to say D.Believe it or not 易错点拨
自我完善·误区备考 1. recognize/realize/know
(1)recognize 指原来很熟悉,经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。 (2)realize 强调在经过一个过程后的了解。
(3)know 是延续性动词,指互相间十分熟悉、十分了解。 【应用1】
(1)Only after you lose your health will you ____________ the importance of health. (2)I've ________________ Tom for years.
(3)I __________ him as soon as he came into the room.
2. such as/for example/that is/and so on
(1)such as 用于列举事物时常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间,且其后不用逗号,直接跟所列举的事物,可与 like互换。它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和,否则就用 that is或 namely。
(2)for example 主要用于举例说明,其前后多用符号隔开。其位置比较灵活,可位于句首、句中或句末(such as只能位于所列举的事物之前)。
(3)that is 相当于 namely,它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事物的总和。
(4)and so on 对几个事物进行列举时,在说了其中的几个以后,用...and so on进行概括,说明还有例子,但不一一列出了。
(1)My daughter studies four subjects in school, ____________, Chinese, maths, English and P.E. (2)Overcooking, ____________, destroys many nutrients.
(3)He can speak some other languages, ____________ French and German. (4)There are some books, pens, erasers ____________ in my bag. 【答案】(1)that is(2)for example(3)such as(4)and so on
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