点_八年级英语下册语法填空知识点汇总(全)(word)

点_八年级英语下册语法填空知识点汇总(全)（word）

一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适合的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Are you feeling very busy all the time? If you always think much work to do, it will make you ________（feel）bored. You should know that we'll have endless（无止境的）things tomorrow if we live. Why not________（do）the things you have to do today? So if you have a little time to relax, just enjoy ________（you）. It doesn't mean you are lazy. That is because only ________ you are relaxed, you can do best. Here are some ________ for you to relax.

Firstly, show love to everyone you meet. Make time to talk to your friends or smile to a ________（strange）or volunteer at a hospital. The more you give, the________you will receive.

________, take away the old things you don't ________or send them to someone who needs them.

Thirdly, watch the world as a child does. Go for a walk in a park and have a picnic. Lie down on the grass and look at the blue sky. Just sit down ________（listen）to your favorite music or even dance to it. You'll find your life more interesting.

【答案】 feel；do；yourself；when；ways/suggestions；stranger；more；Secondly；need/want；to listen

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了人只工作不休息的坏处，以及给出放松的建议。

（1）句意：如果你总是想做大量的工作，它会让你感到无聊。make sb do sth，固定搭配，是某人做某事， 故填 feel。

（2）句意：为什么不做你今天必须做的事情？why not+动词原形，固定搭配，为什么不做某事，故填do。

（3）句意：所以，如果你有一点时间放松，就好好享受一下吧。enjoy oneself，固定搭配， 过得快活 ，主语是you，故反身代词是yourself ，故填 yourself。

（4）句意：那是因为只有当你放松的时候，你才能做到最好。根据 you are relaxed, you can do best. 可知，此处是时间状语从句，故填引导词when，当……的时候，故填when。

（5）句意：这里有一些让你放松的方法。根据 some ， 可知前后是可数名词复数，下文都是给的建议和方法， 故应是方法，建议，way/suggestion，是名词 ，故填 ways/suggestions。

（6）句意：抽时间和你的朋友聊天，或者和陌生人微笑，或者去医院做志愿者。根据 or volunteer 可知是名词单数，故填 stranger。

（7）句意：你付出得越多，得到的也就越多。根据 The more you give, the 可知

是比较级，the more，the better句型，越……越……，此处指更多，故填more。

（8）句意：第二，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。根据Firstly可知此处是第二，副词，secondly ，故填Secondly。

（9）句意：第二，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。根据 take away the old things you don't可知是不需要或补想要，需要，need，想要，want，助动词don't后是动词原形 ， 故填 need/want。

（10）句意：只要坐下来听你最喜欢的音乐，甚至跳舞。根据 favorite music 可知是听音乐，不定式表示目的状语，故填 to listen。

【点评】考查语言综合运用能力，注意非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。

2．根据短文内容，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空

David is from America. He and his family________（have） different plans for the coming holiday. David likes China very much and he________ （go） to Beijing last year. But he wants to know more about Chinese culture so he________ （visit） Beijing again. This time he is going to the Palace Museum. There________ （be） many interesting things about Chinese culture there. He________ （want） to take lots of photos of the things in the Palace Museum. He________ （show） them to his friends. David's father ________ （read） many books about Japanese history three months ago. He thought some things in Japan were interesting. He________ （take） a trip to Japan. David's mother didn't know where to go at

first. At last she ________ （decide） to go to Singapore. She likes the climate （气候） there. What about David's sister? She ________ （stay） at home and do her homework.

3．语法填空

Do you know the man ________ （call）Nick Vuijicic, a 30-year-old Australian?

Nick was born ________ limbs（四肢）, so life was not easy for him. At school many students played jokes on him ________ .he looked different from everyone else. He was refused to be their friends, so he always felt ________ （lone）. However, he faced that ________ （brave）. He learnt to type and write with two toes at the age of six, and he could even surf and play golf. In college, he was one of the best ________ （student）in the studies. And he decided on what to do later in his life-to encourage others ________ （work）hard for their dreams.

Now, Nick is one of the ________ （popular）speakers in the world. He always says, \"Living life happily is about looking at what you have, not what you don't have.\" His story ________ （encourage）millions of people. \"I tell people to keep on ________ （get）up when they fall and to always love themselves, \"he said.

4．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（最多限填3个单词）。

Do you know a 24-year-old bus driver, Wang Ping? He is my uncle, and he is

my idol （偶像）. He has a lot of hobbies. He likes sports very much. We often play basketball and football together. He tells me the ________ （good） way to relax is ________ exercise. It is healthy for the mind and the body. He also likes reading. He thinks reading is ________ （education）. He says, \"You can always keep yourself happy ________ you like reading.\" Under his influence, now I'm also interested in reading books.

My uncle is a kind-hearted man. He often helps people who are in ________ （trouble）. Now he is very popular in our city. Last week he saw an old man ________ （lie） on the side of the road while he was driving a bus. When he saw this, he stopped the bus without ________ （think） twice. Then he got off and asked the old man what happened. When he knew the old man was ________ （bad） ill, he asked all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus. But to ________ （he） surprise, they all agreed to go with him.

Thanks ________ my uncle and the passengers, the old man was saved by the doctors in time. How happy my uncle was! My uncle is such a man who often doesn't think about himself. He only thinks about others.

答案解析部分

一、语法填空

5．【答案】already；relaxing；practises；better；named；classmates；quickly/fast；low；should

；outside

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Ben从五岁开始学习英语，他对英语很感兴趣，他的英语比班里同学的都好，所以他帮助爱学英语的同学 Tim学习英语。

（1） 考查时态。句意：他学习英语已经十年了。“ 已经”用 already。故填already。

（2） 考查形容词。句意：他认为学习英语很有趣，可以使人感到放松的。“ 令人放松的”用 relaxing，此处形容词作表语，故填relaxing。

（3） 考查主谓一致。Ben学习英语英语很刻苦，每天都练习。“练习”用 practice，由因为主语是Ben， 所以动词使用三单形式 ，故填 practices。

（4）考查形容词。句意：所以他的英语比班里其他同学要好。由than可知此处应该用形容词的比较级， 故填 better。

（5） 考查非谓语动词。句意：一个名叫Tim的男孩 ，使用动词的过去分词形式 named。故填named。

（6）考查名词。 one of 后面跟名词的复数形式 ，故填 clasemates。

（7）考查副词。 副词修饰动词 forget ，作状语。故填 quickly /fast。

（8）考查形容词。句意：另一个问题是他说话的声音很低沉，形容词修饰名词作定语，故填low。

（9） 考查情态动词。句意：也许你应该多读些旧单词，这样你就能更长久地记住它们。故填should。

（10） 考查副词。 句意：我们可以在外面大声的说英语，“在外面”用 outside。故填 outside。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态，形容词，主谓一致，形容词，非谓语动词，名词，副词，情态动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

6．【答案】Before；onions；First；buyer；After；Next；turkey；spoons

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了如何做出美味的火鸡三明治的主要步骤。

（1）句意：在开始做三明治之前确保你有所有的原料。此处的”在开始之前“为固定搭配即before you begin，故答案为为Before。

（2）句意：你需要一些面包，洋葱，黄油等等。由于前面有表示复数的词汇some，所以此处的onion也要用复数形式onions，故答案为onions。

（3）句意：首先，你应该在两片面包上放一些黄油。根据后文的Then可知此处要用连词first，故答案为First

（4）句意：首先，你应该在两片面包上放一些黄油。由于前面有表示复数的词汇some，所以此处的butter也要用复数形式buyer。

（5）句意：在这之后，将它们放在面包上。根据前文的连词first，then，可知此处为固定搭配after that，故答案为After。

（6）句意：接下来，加入两片火鸡薄片。根据前文的连词first，then，可知此处为next，故答案为Next。

（7）句意：接下来，加入两片火鸡薄片。火鸡翻译为turkey，故答案为turkey。

（8）句意：最后，在火鸡中加入两勺的调味品。根据前文的two可知此处的“调味品”为复数形式，故答案为spoons。

【点评】考查语法填空，理解句意，结合语法知识，注意单词在语境中的运用，做出单词的必要变形，熟记固定搭配和基本句型，最后使句子通顺，符合逻辑即可。

7．【答案】 learning；surprised；in；find；at；why；spoken；herself；gave；to show

【解析】【分析】文章大意：我的朋友珍妮对英语很感兴趣，她很害羞，这就是为什么她在英语口语和书面语方面没有任何进步的原因。我告诉她在学习方面除了自己没有人会嘲笑她，然后我给她一些学习英语的建议。

（1）句意：我的朋友珍妮对学习英语很感兴趣。根据空前介词in可知，此空应填动名词，故答案为learning。

（2）句意：我很惊讶地问她。因为作者很不理解她的做法，所以是感到惊讶。根据be surprised，惊讶的，根据前面的内容However, she covered it when I came by.然

而当我进来时她用手手盖住了，可知我感到很快乐。所填词在句中作表语，故应用形容词，故答案为surprised。

（3）句意：她低声回答。根据in a low voice，用很低的声音，固定用法，故答案为in。

（4）句意：我不知道为什么，我找到她的“秘密”了吗？因为前边有did，所以直接用动词原形。由secret，可知是发现秘密。故答案为find。

（5）句意：请不要嘲笑我。根据固定短语，laugh at，嘲笑，付之一笑， 因……而发笑，故答案为at。

（6）句意：这就是为什么她在英语口语和书面语方面没有任何进步的原因。此句是why引导的定语从句，此空是为什么的意思，故答案为why。

（7）句意：这就是为什么她在英语口语和书面语方面没有任何进步的原因。根据前面所说她在别人面前学英语感到有点害羞，故可推测这里是说她的口语英语没有一点进步。and作为并列连词，前后格式应相同。故答案为spoken 。

（8）句意：我告诉她在学习方面除了自己没有人会嘲笑她。所填词在句中作介词宾语，故应用反身代词。故答案为herself。

（9）句意：然后我给她一些学习英语的建议。根据下句 I asked her…，可知，此空应填过去式，此空是给的意思，故答案为gave。

（10）句意：我要求她尽她最大的努力来展示自己的英语水平。根据固定搭配

try one's best to do sth. 尽某人的努力做某事。故答案为to show。

【点评】考查语法填空，在语篇中考查基本语法项目的运用，首先理解文章大意，然后细读文章，根据提示准确写出答案，注意考虑句型、搭配、冠词、从句、时态、语境等，最后通读检查验证。

8．【答案】 bored；not；ways；or；Volunteering；more；Secondly；who；for；to lie

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了几个让你放松的方法。

（1）句意：如果你总是想做大量的工作，那会使你感到厌烦。feel是系动词，其后是形容词，修饰人用bored，感到无聊的，故填 bored。

（2）句意：为什么不做你今天必须做的事情呢？why not+动词原形，固定搭配，为什么不做某事，故填not。

（3）句意：下面是一些让你放松的方法。some修饰可数名词复数，way，是可数名词，故填ways。

（4）句意：和你的朋友交谈或和陌生人微笑。此处是并列连词，表示选择故选，故用or，故填or。

（5）句意：在医院做志愿者也是一个好方法。动名词做主语，故用volunteer的动名词形式volunteering ，故填Volunteering 。

（6）句意：给与的越多，得到的就越多。the more，the better，固定搭配，越……越……，根据 The more you give 可知是越多，故填more。

（7）句意：其次，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。根据 Firstly 可知此处是其次，故填 Secondly。

（8）句意：其次，把你不需要的旧东西拿走，或者把它们送给需要它们的人。定语从句中缺少主语，先行词是someone指代人，故关系代词是who，故填who。

（9）句意：到公园里去散步，然后去野餐。go for a walk，固定搭配，去散步，故填 for 。

（10）句意：躺在草地上看蓝天是有帮助的。it+is+形容词+to do，固定搭配，做某事很……，it是形式主语，to do是真正的主语，故填 to lie 。

【点评】考查语法填空，注意所给词意并适当调整词性，时态和非谓语动词等。

二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

9．阅读理解

B

“Mum, may Patti come over?” asked Meg.

“Not until you clean your room,” replied Mum.

Meg said on the phone unhappily, “I have to clean my room first.”

At the other end, Patti laughed. She said to Meg, “That's funny. My mum just said I can't go anywhere until I clean my room.”

After hanging up （挂断电话）, the girls went to their own rooms. Each girl looked around at her mess. Slowly they started cleaning their rooms.

Meg said to herself, “Maybe we could talk on the phone while we work. It would be hard to work and talk at the same time, though.”

Patti thought, “Until I clean my room, I can't leave. Meg may leave, but she can't have anyone over.” Then Patti asked her mum, “Mum, may Meg come?” “Sure,” said Patti's mum. “Remember, you must have your room cleaned before leaving the house.”

Patti ran to the phone and called Meg. “I've got an idea!” she told Meg.

A few minutes later, Meg went over to Patti's house. Her mum allowed her to go because she promised to clean her room when she returned.

While dancing, singing and talking, the girls worked. One hour later, the room became clean. It was fun! The room looked great. Patti's mum was happy. She called Meg's mum and told her everything. Meg's mum said Patti could come to help Meg.

The girls quickly went to Meg's house. They worked and played until the room was clean. The girls learned that working together could make cleaning fun and easy!

（1）Meg felt ________ when her mum told her that she must clean her room first.

A. worried B. unhappy C. nervous D. angry

（2）Each girl ________ after talking on the phone for the first time.

A. worked hard B. danced to music C. went to her

room D. talked with her mum

（3）Patti had an idea and it was to ________.

A. invite Meg to come over B. ask her mum to help her

C. clean her room after playing with Meg D. talk to Meg on the phone while cleaning

（4）Meg's mum allowed her to leave because Meg ________.

A. finished cleaning her room B. promised to help clean Patti's room

C. promised to clean her room when she returned D. would finish her homework on Patti's computer

（5）Patti's room became clean in ________.

A. half an hour B. an hour C. one and a half hours D. two hours

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：Meg和Patti的房间都一团糟，她们想要一起玩，得先打扫房间，最后两个人合作打扫房间的故事。

（1）细节理解题。根据文章原句 Meg said on the phone unhappily, “I have to clean my room first.”可知当母亲让她打扫她的房间时，Megan不高兴，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章原句After hanging up （挂断电话）, the girls went to their own rooms.可知挂断电话后，女孩们各自进了自己的房间，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章原句 Patti ran to the phone and called Meg. “I've got an idea!” she told Meg. A few minutes later, Meg went over to Patti's house.可知Patti的主意是让Meg过来，故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据文章原句Her mum allowed her to go because she promised to clean her room when she returned. 可知Meg的母亲允许她离开是因为她答应母亲回来时打算好房间了，故选C。

（5）细节理解题。根据文章原句One hour later, the room became clean. 一个小时后，房间干净了，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力。首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据问题在文中找到依据，选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in your local （当地的）area from 6-17 years of age.

We've had first experience of junior sports ourselves across a wide kind of activities. So we've set up Hobbies for Kids to help you find your way through the sporting in your place.

Whether you want to take up a sport or hobby just for interest or to compete at a high standard （水平）, there are usually major decisions that you need to

take if you are new to a sport or new to a local area.

Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored （学费定制）to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.

Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior

Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!

We hope you find Hobbies for Kids useful and informative.

（1）Hobbies for Kids is .

A. a TV program about sports and hobbies.

B. a course especially designed for parents.

C. a magazine on hobbies for kids.

D. a guide to kids, sports and hobbies.

（2）Who would be interested in Hobbies for Kids ?

A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Teenagers.

D. Athletes.

（3）With the help of Hobbies for Kids , you will .

A. compete at a high standard

B. develop a new hobby quickly

C. know how to pick a right club

D. know the needs of juniors

（4）If you want to get information on junior basketball, you should .

A. input your requests and check back

B. click the site now and then

C. give some advice to the site

D. scan other information first

（5）Where does the passage probably come from?

A. A textbook. B. The Internet. C. A

magazine. D. An advertisement.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）C

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是一则关于6-17岁学生制定的体育兴趣俱乐部的广告。

（1）主旨大意题。根据Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, where to find top quality tuition tailored （学费定制）to the needs of juniors, buying the correct equipment and clothing at each stage of the junior development.可知 Hobbies for kids是一个为青少年选择爱好或者体青运动的一个引领组织，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据We know what it is like trying to find out about junior sports and hobbies for boys and girls in your local （当地的）area from 6-17 years of age.可知对于 Hobbles for kids感兴趣的是青少年，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。Hobbies for Kids will help you with ideas about choosing the right organizations or clubs for juniors, 可知 Hobbies for kids 可以帮着孩子们选择合适的俱乐部。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据 Hobbies for Kids covers Junior Football, Junior Golf, Junior Cricket and Junior Swimming. Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!可知其他的运动和爱好会很快加入网站扩展，根据您自己输入的信息和要求,所以请继续跟进！故选A。

（5）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Other sports and hobbies will be added soon as the site expands with your own input and requests, so keep checking back!理解可知，这篇文章应该来自网络，故选B。

【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解，归纳出中心思想。

11．阅读理解

Long long ago, there was a blacksmith（铁匠）. He was always unhappy with his life. \"I'm always hot as a blacksmith. I want to be a stone on the mountain. There it must be cool.\" A wise man could change everything. The blacksmith went to the wise man. The wise man said, \"Be a stone!\" The blacksmith became a stone. A moment later, a stonemason（石匠） came and saw the stone. \"It's what I want,\" he said and began to cut it. The stone cried, \"Ouch! I don't want to be a stone. I want to be the sun. That would be great.\" The wise man said, \"Be the sun!\" And he became the sun. But the sun was much hotter, so he said, \"I don't like this. I'd like to be the moon. It looks cool!\" The wise man said again, \"Be the moon!\" And he became the moon. \"This is hotter than being the sun, because the

light from the sun shines（照射）on me\" he said, \"I don't want to be the moon. I want to be a blacksmith again. That's the best life.\"

But the wise man said, \"I'm tired of your changing. You want to be the moon, now you are the moon, and you'll be the moon in the future.\"

（1）Why did the blacksmith want to be a stone on the mountain?

A. Because he didn't like working.

B. Because he thought a stone was very happy.

C. Because he thought being a stone was cool.

D. Because a stone on the mountain could see everything.

（2）What's the right order that the blacksmith changed?

A. the sun----the moon----the stone

B. the stone----the moon----the sun

C. the moon----the sun----the stone

D. the stone----the sun----the moon

（3）What's the best title for this text?

A. The Hottest Work

B. A Poor Blacksmith

C. Enjoy Your Present （目前的）Life

D. Different kinds of life

【答案】 （1）C

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文讲述了铁匠的三次变化。铁匠不满意现在的生活，请求智者帮助，智者把他变成了石头、太阳和月亮，最后厌倦了铁匠的变化请求而让他一直做月亮。铁匠没有把握好当初的生活而后悔变成了现在的样子，可知享受当前的生活很重要。

（1）考查细节理解。根据I want to be a stone on the mountain. There it must be cool.，可知他他认为作文一块石头是很酷的事情，故选C。

（2）考查细节排序。根据短文内容：The wise man said, “Be a stone!” The blacksmith became a stone.… The wise man said, “Be the sun!” And he became

the sun. …The wise man said again, “Be the moon!” And he became the moon.，可知the stone----the sun----the moon是正确顺序，故选D。

（3）考查标题归纳。根据最后铁匠的想法I want to be a blacksmith again. That's the best life.，结合文中的三次改变，铁匠没有把握好当初的生活而后悔变成了现在的样子，可知享受当前的生活很重要，故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。 原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。 细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，以便于找出问题答案。抓住主题句，就不难确定文章的最佳标题。

12．阅读理解

As space science develops, man has learned more and more about space. Space is not only amazing but also dangerous. While working in space, spacemen are facing danger.

Scientists have found out that radiation（辐射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space. When spacemen are working in space, they are in danger of radiation from the sun and other stars, which is bad for their health. Some special medicine may work a little, but there's no really helpful medicine.

Space junk is also thought a great danger to spacemen. It's reported that there are 9,000 man-made things flying in space. About 30% of these are man-

made satellites（卫星）,10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk. An explosion（爆炸） in 1996 made a cloud of 300,000 fragments（碎片）, each at least 4 mm in size, and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage. Scientists are working on helpful ways to do with space junk.

Although space is really dangerous, it interests everyone on the earth. In the near future, it may become usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space for a few years. So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space environment.

（1）________ of man-made things in space are space junk.

A. 10% B. 30% C. 60% D. 80%

（2）_______ is/are the most dangerous to spacemen.

A. Satellites B. Radiation C. Fragments D. Space junk

（3）What can people do in space in the near future? ________

A. They can only live and travel in space.

B. They can grow some fruit and vegetables in space.

C. They can find out ways to solve all the problems in space.

D. They can spend a few days or live for a few years in space.

（4）The purpose（目的） of the writer who writes the passage is mainly to _________ .

A. introduce what the space is like to us

B. talk about some important space travels

C. tell us the space environment and to care for space

D. show us how interesting the life of the spacemen in space

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境。

（1）考查数学计算。根据About 30% of these are man-made satellites（卫星）,10% are spaceships, and the rest are space junk.，可知100%—30%—10%=60%，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Scientists have found out that radiation（辐射） is the greatest danger to spacemen in space.（科学家们已经发现，辐射对太空中的宇航员来说是最大的危险），可知对于太空人来说，辐射是最危险的，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据In the near future, it may become usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel. We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space for a few years.，可知They can spend a few days or live for a few years in space.说法正确，故选D。

（4）考查主旨理解。根据文章主题句So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space environment.，可知介绍的是神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境，故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。我们在分析问题后，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，找出细节理解问题答案，对于主旨大意题，要根据文章的主题句确定。

13．阅读理解

A lovely rabbit, a cute hamster, some colourful fish, a strange-looking turtle, a snake... What kind of pet would you like? Lots of kids love animals and dream of

having a pet.

But not every family can have a pet. So, in many Western countries such as America, Britain and Australia, primary and middle school classes have their own pets. Looking after a pet is not as easy as you may think! Fish and turtles need clean water and the right food. Hamsters and rabbits need fresh vegetables and a warm place to sleep. Even little mice need good care! What would you feed a pet mouse on? How about snakes?

Class pets teach kids about nature and being responsible. Sometimes the pets have babies. It's very exciting but it also means more animals will be taken care of!

Students take turns to take care of their class pets. Every week the pets have a new \"mum and dad\" to look after them.

You may want to know what happens to the class pets during school holidays. At the end of term, the teacher chooses a responsible student. This lucky student keeps the pet at his or her home for the holidays.

（1）Animals are mentioned （ 提到 ） in the passage as a pet EXCEPT .

A. hamsters B. snakes C. rabbits D. elephants

（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Some families can have pets in Western countries.

B. Fish and turtles only need clean water and the right food.

C. Looking after a pet is as easy as you may think.

D. Little mice don't need good care.

（3）What do the underlined words \"mum and dad\" mean?

A. Pets' parents. B. Teachers.

C. Students who take care of pets. D. Kids who love animals.

（4）What do students get from keeping pets?

A. Knowledge about nature. pets. D. Both A and B

B. Being responsible. C. Class

【答案】 （1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多西方国家，中小学班级都有自己的宠物。重点介绍了班级宠物是怎样被照顾的。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句A lovely rabbit, a cute hamster, some colourful fish, a strange-looking turtle, a snake... 理解可知，作为宠物的动物有兔子，海龟，彩色鱼还有蛇，但是没有把大象作为宠物的，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句But not every family can have a pet. 理解可知，有些家庭有宠物，选项A正确；根据语句Fish and turtles need clean water and the right food. 可知，鱼和海龟需要干净的水和适当的食物。选项B描述错误；根据语句 Looking after a pet is not as easy as you may think!可知选项C描述错误；根据语句Even little mice need good care! 可知选项D描述错误，故选A。

（3）理解推断题。根据文中的语句Students take turns to take care of their class pets. Every week the pets have a new \"mum and dad\" to look after them.理解可知，学生们轮流照顾小宠物，充当父母的角色，所谓的爸爸妈妈就是小学生，故选C。

（4）细节理解题，根据文中的语句 Class pets teach kids about nature and being responsible. 理解可知，班上的宠物教会孩子们自然和负责任。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

14．阅读理解

Lately, people have entered the forests where chimpanzees live. The chimpanzees have been getting sick because of people's diseases. In addition, people are hunting chimpanzees. Their number is becoming smaller and smaller.

Chimpanzees live in the plains and forests of Africa. They eat many kinds of foods, from plant leaves and seeds to insects and even other small animals. Chimpanzees' favourite food is fruit.

Chimpanzees are very clever and they can use tools well. They can catch bugs by using sticks, and break nuts by using rocks.

The world's forests are much smaller than they were before. Roads were built in deep forests, so people start to enter the forests where chimpanzees live. That may lead to many problems. One problem for chimpanzees is that they can easily catch people's diseases and die.

Chimpanzees are much closer to people than monkeys.

As it's easier for people to enter forests, they hunt more often. Young chimpanzees are caught to be pets or for scientific research. The young ones are taken away from the forests, and the adults are killed. Chimpanzees are likely to disappear in the future.

（1）Chimpanzees live in the plains and forests of .

A. Africa B. Asia C. Europe D. America

（2）Chimpanzees may feed on the following EXCEPT .

A. insects B. bugs C. lions D. fruit

（3）Chimpanzees can break nuts by using .

A. sticks B. rocks C. their teeth D. glass

（4）The underlined word \"That\" refers to the fact that .

A. people hunt for chimpanzees

B. chimpanzees get sick more easily

C. people enter the forests where chimpanzees live

D. chimpanzees are much closer to people than monkeys

【答案】 （1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了黑猩猩的生活习惯，还讲述了由于人类的影响黑猩猩的数量在减少，告诉我们，他们的生存状况让人担忧。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Chimpanzees live in the plains and forests of Africa. 可知黑猩猩生活在非洲平原和森林里。故答案是A。

（2）细节理解题。根据 They eat many kinds of foods, from plant leaves and seeds to insects and even other small animals. Chimpanzees' favourite food is fruit. 可知，黑猩猩的食物包括树植物的叶子，植物的种子，昆虫甚至是小动物，最喜欢的是水果。A.昆虫；B.小虫子；C.狮子；D.水果；因此可知黑猩猩不吃狮子。答案是C。

（3）细节理解题，根 They can catch bugs by using sticks, and break nuts by using rocks. 可知，黑猩猩会用棍子捉虫子，用石头砸开坚果，找准关键词rocks。故答案是B。

（4）词义猜测题，根据 so people start to enter the forests where chimpanzees live. 可知，后面的that指的是人们进入到黑猩猩生活的森林。故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，三道题是细节理解，细节理解题一般都可以从文中直接找到

答案，词义猜测则需要联系前后文进行合理的推理判断得到答案。

15．阅读理解

Have you ever seen the film Nuan? Have you ever seen the TV play To Be a Better Man? Do you know the beautiful girl in the picture? She is still a student in Beijing Film Academy. But she is already famous in China because she has been in many films and TV plays in the past few years. Her name is Guan Xiaotong.

Guan was born on September 1997 inBeijing. She has had a talent for acting ever since she was a kid. She was first in the movie Nuan in the year 2001. She was Ya in the movie. She became famous because of the character

Xiaoqingcheng in the movie The Promise （无极） directed by Chen Kaige. She was Jiang Lingling in the movie Electric Shadows （电影往事） in 2005. At the age of 17, Guan Xiaotong played in the movie The Left Ear directed by Su Youpeng. She was Jiang Jiao in the movie. In 2014, she acted in the TV play A Servant of Two Masters. She was Yang Shumiao.

Although Guan was in many movies and TV plays, she didn't fall behind in

study. Although she is an acting star, she gets on well with her classmates. After the national examination, she became a new student in Beijing Film Academy.

（1）Guan Xiaotong is .

A. a movie director B. a university teacher

C. a middle school student D. an actress and university student

（2）Guan was in a movie for the first time in .

A. 1997 B. 2001 C. 2004 D. 2005

（3）Guan was in the movie The Left Ear.

A. Ya B. Xiaoqingcheng C. Jiang

Jiao D. Jiang Lingling

（4）Guan acted Yang Shumiao in .

A. A Servant of Two Masters B. Nuan C. Electric

Shadows D. The Promise

（5）What does the underlined phrase \"fall behind\" mean in Chinese?

A. 超越 B. 消沉 C. 落后 D. 鼓舞

【答案】 （1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

（5）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍演员关晓彤的相关事情。

（1）细节题。根据She is still a student in Beijing Film Academy.和Although she is an acting star可知，关晓彤是一名演员，也是一名大学生，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据She was first in the movie Nuan in the year 2001.可知，她第一次出演电影是2001年，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据 Guan Xiaotong played in the movie The Left Ear directed by Su Youpeng. She was Jiang Jiao in the movie.可知，关晓彤在左耳出演的角色是Jiang Jiao，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据In 2014, she acted in the TV play A Servant of Two Masters.

She was Yang Shumiao.可知，关晓彤在一仆二主中饰演Yang Shumiao，故选A。

（5）推断题。根据she didn't fall behind in study.可知，她没有落下学习，所以推断意思是落后，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

16．阅读理解

If you're feeling tired and stressed because you have too much going on, like lots of after-school activities, you might feel better if you give something up, even if it's just for a term or so. Sometimes lots of activities-even if they're all fun-can make you feel stressed by keeping you busy all the time. On the other hand, if problems at home are troubling（使烦恼）you, in fact some after-school activities may help you relax and feel better.

There are also relaxing exercises that you can use to keep stress away. The easiest one is to breathe（呼吸）in slowly and deeply through your nose, and then exhale slowly through your mouth. Do this two to four times.

You can do breathing exercises anytime. You can even do breathing exercises in class if you're nervous before a test.

The best way to keep stress away is to have a balanced life. That means

making good decisions about how to spend your time. If you're always busy with schoolwork and have to play, you can get stressed. Make sure you keep yourself in mind Sleep, Exercise, Leisure（something fun）, and Food.

If you take care of yourself and get enough sleep and food, and if you exercise and leave time for fun, you'll probably be less stressed out!

（1）What may help if you have problems at home according to the passage?

A. Doing a part-time job. B. Doing some housework.

C. Doing some after-school activities. D. Watching much TV.

（2）Which is the best way to keep stress away?

A. Doing exercise anytime.

B. Making good decisions about how to spend time.

C. Taking care of yourself and getting much food to eat.

D. Doing breathing exercises in class.

（3）What does the underlined word \"exhale\" mean in the passage?

A. To breathe in. B. To breathe out. C. To get

on. D. To get off.

（4）Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

A. How to Keep Stress Away B. How to Keep Fit

C. Where is Stress From D. What is Stress

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了减少压力的方法。

（1）细节题。根据 if problems at home are troubling（使烦恼）you, in fact some after-school activities may help you relax and feel better.可知如果家里的问题困扰着你，可以做一些课后活动 ，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 The best way to keep stress away is to have a balanced life. That means making good decisions about how to spend your time. 可知在如何花时间上做出正确的决定是最好的方法，故选B。

（3）词意猜测题。根据 The easiest one is to breathe（呼吸）in slowly and deeply through your nose, and then exhale slowly through your mouth. 可知exhale是 To breathe out 呼出的意思，故选B。

（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了减少压力的方法，可知标题应是 How to Keep Stress Away 如何消除压力 ，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题3种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。