高一英语阅读理解强化训练附解析Day 86

Passage 1

It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing(挤) past someone or passing through a crowd in a narrow place, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable(不可避免的), and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles and came to appreciate(欣赏) some more polite ways of communicating with people, and here are some more polite ways of interacting with people in UK.

People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customer and shop assistant in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be surprising to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, which is different from Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.

Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize(批评) others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers repeated several times but none of their explanations were intended as scolding me. It has been my impression that by avoiding scolding, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is showed in other ways.

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British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat(请客) women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies(适用于) to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit mean(吝啬的).

1. What is the author’s feeling of English politeness? A. He thinks highly of it. C. He thinks it is unnecessary.

2. What can be inferred from the passage? A. British men never treat a woman to dinner.

B. British men think it’s unnecessary to say “thank you” to the bus driver. C. In Germany, employers often say “thank you” to employees for their job. D. Germans think it is unnecessary to thank workers because payment is enough. 3. We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______. A. like to fight with each other

B. He thinks little of it. D. He thinks it goes too far.

B. treat women more politely than English men C. are as generous as English men

D. are unwilling to spend money for women

4. The author develops the text through the method of ______. A. telling stories C. giving reasons

B. making comparisons (对比) D. doing scientific research (调查)

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Passage 2

My Favourite Books

Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads. Matilda Roald Dahl

I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational. After Dark Haruki Murakami

It’s about two sisters—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets. Gone Girl Gillian Fynn

There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable. The Stand

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Stephen King

This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99. 4% of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.

1. Who does “I” refer to in the text? A. Stephen King. C. Jo Usmar.

B. Gillian Flynn. D. Roald Dahl.

2. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri? A. Cosmopolitan. C. After Dark.

3. What kind of book is Gone Girl? A. A folk tale. C. A love story.

Passage 3

In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. As a school girl and young adult, I feared him and felt bitter about him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A’s and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as“successful”as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to struggle to think up things to say, feeling on guard. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party, I got so

B. Matilda. D. The Stand.

B. A biography. D. A horror story.

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angry with him for making these rules, I would scream, “I hate you!”Dad would yell back, “Good! I don’t care!”Deep down I knew he did.

One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick. I said, “Call my dad.”Next thing, Dad was carrying me to the car, I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticized. As expected, I got a roasting. but I now understand why I needed discipline

Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films. I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasn’t until I finished film studies that I pursued（追求）my career as an actress. Like those early days for Dad. I faced lots of refusal. Working In such a competitive industry, I’ve sometimes thought, “I can’t do this anymore.”

Once after a trip to Hollywood, I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting, listening to Eckhart Tolle’s music and trying to find myself again. Dad sat me down and said, “Alice I know it’s hard. but it’s all about persistence（坚持不懈）.”

Now I get to work with Dad a lot, which I love. We are both enthusiastic about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people. If it weren’t for Dad, I wouldn’t be where I am today. He’s my biggest fan, and when you have that in your life you can go a long way.

1. Which of the following is similar in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 3? ________ A. I was blamed

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B. I was pulled out of bed C. I got out of trouble D. I was comforted

2. What can we learn from the passage? ________ A. As an actor, her father’s career is always smooth B. It is her father who has helped shape the author who she is C. She would feel tired when going out with her father on weekends

D. She was bitter（怀恨的）about her father as a school girl as he was too proud of himself.

3. Which of the following best describes the writer’s father? ________ A. Severe（严厉的）and impatient B. Talkative and hard-working C. Proud but gentle D. Strict but caring

Passage 4

English is a very interesting language. It has borrowed words from many other languages. Immigrants (移民) coming into the United States have contributed many words to the language, which have kept their original pronunciation. \"Coolie\" and \"kowtow\" were taken from the Chinese language, \"kamikaze from the Japanese, \"shampoo\" from India, \"blitz\" from German, \"amigo\" and \"Los Angeles\" from Spanish and so on.

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Many students have studied English for years, some as many as eight. However, some students still have difficulty in speaking fluent English. Some know many words but are unable to discern them when native speakers use them. In our Oral English classes we will focus on speaking and listening to native English speakers. For this reason, because we are trying to train your ears to hear English and your mouths to speak intelligible (易理解的) English, we will have a rule that ONLY ENGLISH will be spoken in our English classes. Anyone speaking Chinese in class will be required to pay a fine in order to encourage the speaking and understanding of English. If teachers enter a classroom and discover that anyone is speaking Chinese, they will require everyone in the room to pay the fine. It is everyone's job to follow the English-Only rule. It is for your benefit. It is because we want to accustom (使习惯于) your ears to hearing English.

Other subjects may be learned only from books but the only way to learn a foreign language is to SPEAK IT! Students are often nervous about speaking in class at first but we hope to make the classes fun, so you will forget your nervousness and learn to speak out. Enjoy your classes.

1. The first paragraph is mainly about ________ . A. the difficulty of learning English B. how interesting and various English is C. different words in different languages D. the immigrants' contributions to America

2. The underlined word \"discern\" in Para 2 can be replaced by ________ .

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A. understand B. notice C. hear D. speak

3. In the author's opinion, the only way to learn a language well is to ________ . A. listen to it on the radio B. learn it from books C. play games with it D. speak it often

4. The article is probably aimed at ________ .

A. Japanese students B. German students

C. Chinese students D. Indian students

Passage 5

When policy experts debate climate change solutions, they often talk about \"a price on carbon. \" They are arguing about whether companies should pay when they put carbon pollution in the air. Proponents say that it's simple economics -- if it's free to pollute, you'll get a lot of pollution. Opponents claim it will raise the cost of energy that's produced from high carbon sources, like coal. But here's the secret that most people seem to be missing: There already is a price on carbon, and it's paid by the taxpayers.

Carbon pollution, like every other form of pollution, has an impact on the environment. Throwing waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who

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drink the water to get sick. And when you produce carbon pollution, you get climate change -- sea level rise, stronger storms, severe droughts, damage to agriculture, and more.

All of those impacts cost money. Insurance rates go up when storms get more destructive. Taxes increase when cities have to rebuild bridges and roads. Military budgets go up when droughts and population changes cause conflicts. Not to mention impacts on agriculture and health care costs.

In other words, the price on carbon is what we all pay when there is no market force to limit the pollution that causes climate change. So the debate is really about who will pay that price -- the companies who are making a profit from the fossil fuels, or the taxpayers who pick up the cost now?

Right now, we have private profit and public cost. It's just like if we allowed every business to throw its garbage in the street because it's too expensive to have it moved away properly. Does it add a little bit to your dinner check to require that restaurants dispose of their trash properly? Sure. But it would be more expensive for you if the city had to clean the streets of their garbage every day. So just like we put a \"price on garbage\" we need a \"price on carbon pollution. \"

Now, a \"price on carbon pollution\" can mean a lot of things. You could tax companies based on the amount of carbon pollution they produce, and return the money to taxpayers. You could put a limit on how much they can produce, thereby requiring them to invest in ways to conduct business in a less polluting way. 1. What do the policy experts argue about carbon pollution? ________

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A. Whether taxpayers could get profit from it B. Whether the companies should pay for it. C. Who have the ability to change it. D. How much should be paid for it.

2. What's the main idea of Paragraph 2 ? ________ A. The effects of carbon pollution B. Some other forms of pollution C. The signs of carbon pollution D. The way to reduce carbon pollution

3. The author referred to restaurants in the passage mainly to________ . A. prove every business doesn't perform its duty. B. warn readers to protect the environment around. C. show some restaurants throw away their trash randomly. D. explain the damage of no policy on carbon pollution.

4. According to the passage, what does the \"price on carbon pollution\" means? ________

A. Telling the taxpayers to refuse to pay taxes on carbon pollution B. Making the government invest to reduce carbon pollution C. Taxing companies on carbon pollution they produce. D. Increasing prices of the products from companies.

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参

Passage 1

1. A推理判断题。通过第一段I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles and came to appreciate(欣赏) some more polite ways of communicating with people可知, 我以前也是这么想的, 毫无疑问, 直到我开始去不列颠群岛旅行, 开始欣赏一些更礼貌的与人交流的方式。由此判断作者高度评价了英国人的礼貌。故A选项正确。

2. D细节理解题。通过文中第二段最后一句话“English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, which is different from Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.”可知, 英国老板会感谢工人为自己做的工作。相反, 德国老板却不会, 因为他们觉得付给工人的钱已经足够了。由此判断出德国人认为没有必要感谢工人, 因为报酬已经足够了。故D选项正确。

3. D细节理解题。根据文中最后一段British men are more likely to……Yes, the latter are a bit mean. 可知, 英国男士比德国男士更喜欢请女士吃饭, 但是, 作者同时指出这个规律相比苏格兰男士而言更适合英国男士, 因为苏格兰男士有一些很吝啬, 不愿意为女士付款。故D选项正确。

4. B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. In Germany, it would be surprising to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. 在英国各地, 人们无时无刻不在互相感谢。在德国, 在这样的谈话中听到不止一个“谢谢”会让人感到惊讶。根据文中最后一段British men are more ……Yes, the latter are a bit mean. 可知, 英国男士比德国男士更喜欢

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请女士吃饭, 但是, 作者同时指出这个规律相比苏格兰男士而言更适合英国男士, 因为苏格兰男士有一些很吝啬, 不愿意为女士付款。所以作者通过把英国人和德国人、苏格兰人相比较, 来体现英国人的礼貌及绅士。故判断出作者通过比较的方法来展开文章。故B选项正确。

Passage 2

1. C推理判断题。根据第一段Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads. 可知, 下文介绍作家Jo Usmar选出的最好的读物, 所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。

2. C细节理解题。根据After Dark中It’s about two sister—Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. 可知, 故事讲的是两个姐妹——Eri是一个要么不睡, 要么一觉不醒的模特, 玛丽, 是一个年轻学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C选项正确。

3. D细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的.. . but the horror story is brilliant. 可知, 这是一个恐怖故事。故D选项正确。

Passage 3

1. A词义猜测题。由划线句子前的“thinking I would definitely be criticized．As expected，”可知，确实是如她所料的事情发生了。与criticize同义的是A选项Blame。故选A。

2. B推理判断题。由第四段的“Like those early days for Dad．I faced lots of refusal．”可知她父亲的事业也不是一帆风顺的；每次和父亲出去她总觉得on guard，意思是感觉充满了戒备，也没有直接说tired；文章没有说父亲非常自傲

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这一点。

3. D细节理解题。稳重的父亲虽然很严厉但是在女儿受到挫折的时候也很耐心开导，所以是strict but caring。

Passage 4

1. B推理判断题。英语是一门非常有趣的语言，它借用了很多其他语言的词汇。很多学生学英语多年仍不能流利的去说。其实学好一门外语的唯一方法就是“大胆地说”。从第一段的前两句话“English is a very interesting language. It has borrowed words from many other languages. ”可找到答案，因此选B。

2. A词义猜测题。“discern”这个词的意思为“仔细识别，明白”。根据句意中一些人知道很多词而不明白它们的意思，可得知答案选A。

3. D细节理解题。从最后一句话中“but the only way to learn a foreign language is to SPEAK IT!”可得知答案选D。

4. C推理判断题。通过第二段中“Anyone speaking Chinese in class will be required to pay a fine in order to encourage the speaking and understanding of English”可知任何人在课上说汉语就会被要求罚款，推断出学英语的是中国学生，他们稍不注意就会把母语说出来。因此答案选C。

Passage 5

1. A推理判断题。根据第一段提到They are arguing about whether companies should pay when they put carbon pollution in the air. 当他们向空气中排放碳时，这些公司是否要支付费用，故选A项。

2. A推理判断题。根据第二段提到Carbon pollution, like every other form of pollution, has an impact on the environment碳污染象其它形式的污染一样，对环境

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有影响，故第二段讲述碳污染的影响，故选A项。

3. D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段提到. But it would be more expensive for you if the city had to clean the streets of their garbage every day但如果城市不得不打扫垃圾这会对你来说是非常昂贵的，解释没有对于来治理碳污染，故选D项。

4. C推理判断题。根据最后一段提到You could tax companies based on the amount of carbon pollution they produce, and return the money to taxpayers. 你可能会向生产碳污染的公司上税，把钱返回纳税人，故选C项。

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