贵州大学研究生期末英语考试复习资料

1.There has been much opposition from some social groups, from the farming community.

一些社会团体，特别是农业界，有许多反对意见。 A. straightforwardly

adv. 直截了当地；正直地

B. notably adv. 显著地；尤其 C. virtually

adv. 事实上，几乎；实质上

adv. 异常地；特殊地；例外地

D. exceptionally

2.The view in Britain and other Western countries associates aging with decline, dependency, isolation, and often poverty.

英国和其他西方国家的主流观点认为老龄化与衰退、依赖、孤立和贫穷常常相关。 A. predominant adj. 主要的；卓越的；支配的；有力的；有影响的 B. credulous adj. 轻信的；因轻信而产生的 C. inclusive

adj. 包括的，包含的

adj. 可以忍受的；足可支撑的；养得起的；可持续的

D. sustainable

3.But gifts such as these cannot be awarded to everybody, either by judges or by most of governments

但是，像这样的礼物，无论是法官，还是最善良的，都不能颁发给每一个人。 A. tough adj. 艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮的，结实的 n. 恶棍 vt. 坚持；忍受，忍耐adv. 强硬地，顽强地 B. demanding adj. 苛求的；要求高的；吃力的 C. diverse adj. 不同的；多种多样的；变化多的 D. benign adj. 良性的；和蔼的，亲切的；吉利的

4.The foreman read the of guilty fourteen times, one for each defendant 首席陪审员宣读了有罪判决十四次，每一个被告。 A. prejudice n. 偏见；侵害vt. 损害；使有偏见 B. verification n. 确认，查证；核实 C. verdict n. 结论；裁定

D. punishment n. 惩罚；严厉对待，虐待

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5.They fear it could have an effect on global financial markets 他们担心这可能会对全球金融市场产生不利影响 A. sizeable adj. 大的，相当大的 B. adverse adj. 不利的；相反的；敌对的 C. beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的；可享利益的 D. consequential

adj. 间接的；结果的；重要的；随之发生的；自傲的

6.The UK threatened to economic sanctions if the talks were broken off 英国威胁说，如果谈判破裂，就要实行经济制裁。

A. engage vt. 吸引，占用；使参加；雇佣；使订婚；预定vi. 从事；参与；答应，保证；交战；啮合

B. pursue vt. 继续；从事；追赶；纠缠vi. 追赶；继续进行 C. abandon n. 放任；狂热vt. 遗弃；放弃 D. invoke

vt. 调用；祈求；引起；恳求

7.There are at least four crucial differences between the new and the old government. 新政权和旧至少有四个关键的区别。

A. regime 政权 政体 社会制度 n. 政权，政体；社会制度；管理 B. hegemony n. 霸权；领导权；盟主权

C. complex adj. 复杂的；合成的n. 复合体；综合设施 D. federation

n. 联合；联邦；联盟；联邦

8.These questions a challenge to established attitude of superiority toward the outside world

这些问题构成了对外部世界既定的优越态度的挑战。

A. evolve vt. 发展；进化；使逐步形成；推断出vi. 发展，进展；进化；逐步形成 B. constitute vt. 组成，构成；建立；任命 C. tolerate vt. 忍受；默许；宽恕 D. aroused

唤醒

9.Because of this, a strong administrative was needed to plan the use of scarce resources, organize production and regulate distribution.

为此，需要一个强有力的行政机构来规划稀缺资源的使用、组织生产和调节分配。 A. apparatus n. 装置，设备；仪器；器官

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B. constitution n. ；；章程；构造；建立，组成；体格 C. insistence n. 坚持，强调；坚决主张 D. promotion

n. 提升，[劳经] 晋升；推销，促销；促进；发扬，振兴

10. I learnt that there are no genuinely animals in this area, all the animal were brought here from other places.

我了解到这个地区没有真正的土著动物，所有的动物都是从其他地方带到这里来的。 A. endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的；有生命危险的 B. domesticated adj. 家养的；驯服的；喜欢家庭生活的 C. indigenous adj. 本土的；土著的；国产的；固有的 D. extinct

adj. 灭绝的，绝种的；熄灭的vt. 使熄灭

BADCB DABAC

1. For English is a killer. It is English that has killed off Cumbric, Cornish, Norn and Manx. There are still parts of these islands where sizeable communities speak languages that were there before English. Yet English is everywhere in everyday use and understood by all or virtually all, constituting such a threat to the three remaining Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh... that their long-term future must be considered... very greatly at risk.

因为英语是个杀手。正是英语造成了康瑞克、康尼施、诺恩、曼科斯等语言的消亡。在这些岛上还有相当多的人在使用英语到来之前就已存在的语言。然而，英语在日常生活中无处不在。所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。英语 对现存的凯尔特语——爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。

2. He also associated such policies with a prejudice which he calls linguisticism (a condition parallel to racism and sexism). As Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the predominantly \"white\" English-speaking world, have (by design or default) encouraged or at least tolerated—and certainly have not opposed—the hegemonic spread of English, a spread which began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion.

同时，他认为这些和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧视、性别歧视的情况类似）的偏见密切相关。在菲利普森 看来，在以白人英语为主导的世界，最重要的机构和个人（有意或无

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意地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没有反对） 英语霸权主义式的传播。这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。

3. By and large, we now view them as more or less benign, and often talk with admiration and appreciation about the cultures associated with them and what they have given to the world. And it is fairly safe to do this, because none of them now poses much of a threat.

总的来说，我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及其为世界所做的贡献时，我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏，而且这样做也没有太大的风险，因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么威胁。

4. Yet many people see English as a blessing. Let me leave aside here the obvious advantages possessed by any world language, such as a large communicative network, a strong literary and media complex, and a powerful cultural and educational apparatus.

然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此，我暂且不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势，例如广泛的通信网，强大的文化传媒体系，及强有力的文化教育机构。

5. English-speaking South Africans of British descent were not particularly strong in opposing the apartheid regime, and the black opposition, whose members had many languages, was at first weak and disorganized.

讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权，而黑人反对力量，其成员讲多种语言，在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。

6. Such symbolism suggests that the users of the world's lingua franca should seek to benefit as fully as possible from the blessing and as far as possible avoid invoking the curse.

这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处，同时尽能避免招来灾难。

Lesson2

1.would passengers please turn off your electronic devices before the commencement of the flight

乘客请在起飞前关掉您的电子设备

A. boarding n. 木板；寄膳宿；上船adj. 供膳的

B. landing n. 登陆；码头；楼梯平台v. 登陆（land的ing形式）

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C. take-off n.起飞 D. check-in

n. 签到；投宿登记手续；验票并领取登机卡

2.My father appreciated the calligraphy of the 18th century very much 我父亲非常欣赏十八世纪的书法

A. ideology n. 意识形态；思想意识；观念学

B. artistry n. 艺术性；工艺；艺术技巧；艺术效果；艺术工作 C. philosophy n. 哲学；哲理；人生观 D. handwriting n. 笔迹；书法；书写；手稿

3.At first the president threatened to dismiss me, but later he relented. 起初总统威胁要解雇我，但后来他心软了。

A. softened adj. 退火的，软化v. 使…变柔软（soften的过去分词） B. regretted 遗憾（regret的过去式和过去分词 C. withdrew v. 收回（withdraw的过去式） D. altered

v. 改变（alter的过去分词）adj. 改变了的；蚀变的

4.My grandma is so naive as to believe everything she reads. 我的奶奶很天真，相信她所读的一切 A. ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的

B. credulous adj. 轻信的；因轻信而产生的 C. amiable adj. 和蔼可亲的，亲切的 D. vulnerable

adj. 易受攻击的，易受…的攻击；易受伤害的；有弱点的

5.The intuition of the language is a must for a competent translator 一个称职的译者必须掌握这种语言的直觉。

A. master vt. 控制；精通；征服n. 硕士；主人；大师；教师adj. 主人的；主要的；熟练的

B. inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞；吸气；妙计 C. familiarity n. 熟悉，精通；亲密；随便

D. sense n. 感觉，官能；观念；道理；理智vt. 感觉；检测

6.After being appointed manager, Bob underwent a subtle change in his attitude. 被任命为经理后，鲍伯的态度发生了微妙的变化。 A. enormous adj. 庞大的，巨大的；凶暴的，极恶的

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B. terrible adj. 可怕的；很糟的；令人讨厌的adv. 很，非常

C. delicate adj. 微妙的；精美的，雅致的；柔和的；易碎的；纤弱的；清淡可口的 D. slight 慢；轻蔑

7.People like to say that knowledge can change one’s destiny. 人们喜欢说知识能改变人的命运

A. career n. 生涯；职业；事业；速度，全速 B. fate n. 命运vt. 注定

C. nature n. 自然；性质；本性；种类

D. character n. 性格，品质；特性；角色；[计] 字符vt. 印，刻；使具有特征 8.The city was almost flattened by the devastating earthquake. 毁灭性的地震使这个城市几乎夷为平地。

A. destructive adj. 破坏的；毁灭性的；有害的，消极的 B. widespread adj. 普遍的，广泛的；分布广的 C. abrupt adj. 生硬的；突然的；唐突的；陡峭的 D. inevitable

adj. 必然的，不可避免的

adj. 轻微的，少量的；脆弱的；细长的；不重要的vt. 轻视，忽略；怠慢n. 怠

9.This medicine should be applied as a remedy, but for external use only. 此药应作为一种药物使用，但仅限于外用。 A. short-term adj. 短期的

B. outside adj. 外面的，外部的；外来的n. 外部；外观adv. 在外面，向外面；在室外prep. 在…范围之外

C. oral adj. 口头的，口述的n. 口试 D. spare

vt. 节约，吝惜；饶恕；分出，分让vi. 饶恕，宽恕；节约adj. 多余的；瘦的；

少量的n. 剩余；备用零件

10.The newspaper seeks to be independent of political dogma 报纸力求于政治教条。

A. parties n. 政党，党派；聚会，派对；当事人 B. influence

C. platforms n. 平台；月台，站台；坛；讲台 D. doctrine

n. 主义；学说；教义；信条

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CDABD CBABD

1. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love.

苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫的没有改变这一点。我被炒鱿鱼了，但是我仍然钟爱我所做的事情。

2. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. 因为，作为一个成功者的负重感被作为一个创业者的轻松感觉所重新代替，一切都还不确定。这让我觉得如此自由，进入了我生命中最有创造力的一个阶段。

3. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Don't lose faith.

良药苦口，但是我想病人需要它。有时候，生活会像砖块一下砸向你的脑袋，但不要失去信心。

4. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. “记住你即将死去”我知道的避免这些思维陷阱的最好办法。你已经什么都没有了。没有理由不去追随你的内心.

5. Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don’t the trapped by dogma—which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don’t let the noise of others' opinions drown out your inner voice.

你的时间有限，所以不要浪费时间在重复他人的生活上。不要掉进教条的陷阱里，不要按照别人的想法来生活。不要让他人喧嚣的意见淹没了你内心的声音。

Lesson4

1.Though he had apologized, she raised a query on his sincerity. 尽管他已道歉，但她对他的真诚提出了疑问。

A. trust n. 信任，信赖；责任；托拉斯vt. 信任，信赖；盼望；赊卖给vi. 信任，信赖；依

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B. request n. 请求；需要vt. 要求，请求 C. examination n. 考试；检查；查问

D. question n. 问题，疑问；询问；疑问句vt. 询问；怀疑；审问vi. 询问；怀疑；审问 2.Discipline in Mr. Brown’s class becomes very slack. 布朗先生班的纪律变得很松懈。

A. strict adj. 严格的；绝对的；精确的；详细的

B. loose adj. 宽松的；散漫的；不牢固的；不精确的vt. 释放；开船；放vi. 变松；开火adv. 松散地n. 放纵；放任；发射 C. serious

D. uncontrollable adj. 无法控制的；无法管束的；难以驾驭的 3.We couldn’t believe that the joke was a nasty hit at him. 我们无法相信这个笑话对他是一个严重的打击 nasty adj. 下流的；肮脏的；脾气不好的；险恶的 A. malicious adj. 恶意的；恶毒的；蓄意的；怀恨的 B. lethal adj. 致命的，致死的

C. footy adj. （英）无足轻重的；褴褛的

D. gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的vt. 使温和，使驯服 4. The winner’s complacent smile annoyed some people. 胜利者洋洋自得的微笑惹恼了一些人 A. scornful adj. 轻蔑的

B. humorous adj. 诙谐的，幽默的；滑稽的，可笑的 C. contented adj. 满足的；心安的

D. ironical adj. 讽刺的（等于ironic）；用反语的

5. This make-over has to start with the most basic societal unit — the family. 这件事必须从最基本的开始。社会单位——家庭。 A. task vt. 分派任务n. 工作，作业；任务 B. improvement n. 改进，改善；提高

C. measure n. 测量；措施；程度；尺寸vt. 测量；估量；权衡vi. 测量；估量 D. change vt. 改变；交换n. 变化；找回的零钱vi. 改变；兑换

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6. A private Postsecondary and Vocational Education Accreditation System will be put into practice in California nest school year.

私立高等教育和职业教育认证制度将在加利福尼亚鸟巢学年。 A. Primary adj. 主要的；初级的；基本的

B. Elementary adj. 基本的；初级的；[化学] 元素的 C. Higher adj. 更高的，较高的（high的比较级）

D. Graduate vt. 授予…学位；分等级；标上刻度vi. 毕业；渐变n. 研究生；毕业生adj. 毕业的；研究生的

7.The ambassador presented her credentials to the monarch. 大使向女王颁发国书。

A. certificates vt. 发给证明书；以证书形式授权给…；用证书批准n. 证书；执照，文凭 B. gifts n. 礼物；天赋；赠品vt. 赋予；向…赠送 C. statements n. 声明；陈述，叙述；报表，清单

D. respects n. 尊敬，尊重；方面；敬意vt. 尊敬，尊重；遵守

8.It seems that the only way out is to cut some programs and downsize our organization 看来唯一的出路是减少一些项目和精简我们的机构 A. make do 凑合着用；以…权充；设法达成 B. cut short v. 缩短；打断；缩减 C. lay off 解雇；休息；停止工作 D. shut down 停工，关闭

9.The invaders were brutish and coarse to the villagers. 侵略者野蛮粗俗的村民。

A. brutal adj. 残忍的；野蛮的，不讲理的 B. fierce adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的；暴躁的

C. wicked adj. 的；恶劣的；不道德的；顽皮的

D. vicious adj. 恶毒的；恶意的；堕落的；有错误的；品性不端的；剧烈的 10.His new theory has caused a sensation throughout the civilized world. 他的新理论在整个文明世界引起轰动。 A. success B. reaction

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C. excitement n. 兴奋；刺激；令人兴奋的事物 D. sense

DBACD CABAC

1. However, just as exceeding the speed limit will, when traffic police are performing properly, lead to a speeding ticket, so being interviewed for an attractive career-entry position will, when the interviewer knows what to look for, lead directly or indirectly to the question “Why should we hire you?”

然而，正如当一个正确执法时，司机超速就要吃罚单，同样，在面试一份吸引人的、某一行业的职位的时候，如果面试官清楚地知道他们要找什么，就会直接或间接地问这样一个问题：我们为什么要雇用你？”

2. For someone wishing to begin a new career, the prospects are starting to look nasty and brutish, and the immediate picture is distinctly short of jobs, hours, and rewards for new employees.

对于那些想要开始新的职业生涯的人来说，前途开始变的险恶和残酷，而眼前的形势就是工作少，时间短，给新员工的工资也减少。

3. Other students may find their academic work difficult and demanding enough without adding the headache of anticipating yet more demands.

其他学生可能认为学业课程已经很难，要求很高了，因此不想再费脑筋去预见那些更多的要求了。

4. If you are in a program with a variety of optional courses, your knowledge of the job market’s demands will help you to make more informed decisions.

如果你的学习项目有各种选修课，那么你要是了解了就业市场的需求，就能帮助你做出更多明智的抉择。

5. You may discover that it is quite easy to gain insight into field of interest just by sounding out your teachers.

只要你让老师知道你的想法，你可能会非常容易地深入了解你感兴趣的领域。

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Lesson6

1.I advocate a holistic recognition that biology and culture interpenetrate in an inextricable manner

我提倡一种整体识别，以生物学和文化互相渗透的一种复杂的方式 A. complicated adj. 难懂的，复杂的

B. unavoidable adj. 不可避免的；不能废除的 C. customary adj. 习惯的；通常的 D. incomprehensible

adj. 费解的；不可思议的；无限的

2.The romantic painting movement introduced a taste for the mysterious as well as a love of the picturesque and sublime nature.

浪漫主义绘画运动引入了对神秘的品味，以及对如画自然的热爱 A. immense adj. 巨大的，广大的；无边无际的；非常好的 B. fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的；使人神魂颠倒的 C. magnificent adj. 高尚的；壮丽的；华丽的；宏伟的 D. enchanting adj. 迷人的；妩媚的

3.One important feature of the period was the growth of Buddhism. Its adherents honored the Buddha in order to be reborn in his paradise.

这一时期的一个重要特点是佛教的发展，它的信徒们为了获得重生而尊敬佛陀 A. sponsors

B. supporters 支持者

C. advocators n. 提倡者，拥护者 D. advisors

n. 顾问；指导教师；劝告者

4.As censorship was extremely strict in that period, little authentic news came out of the country. 由于那个时期的审查制度非常严格，这个国家没有什么真实的消息传出。 A. negative adj. [数] 负的；消极的；否定的；阴性的 B. disastrous adj. 灾难性的；损失惨重的；悲伤的

C. official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的n. ；公务员；高级职员 D. reliable 可靠的人adj. 可靠的；可信赖的n. 可靠的人

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5.If a block of wood is completely immersed in water, the upward force is greater than the weight of the wood.

如果一块木头完全浸入水中，向上的力大于木材的重量。 A. dipped浸泡

B. pressed adj. 加压的；紧迫的

C. forced adj. 被迫的；强迫的；用力的；不自然的 D. pushed

adj. 处于窘境的；为难的；推挤现象的

6.According to Zhuangzi, a Daoist philosopher of the late 4th century BC, through mystical union with the Dao the individual could transcend nature and even life and death.

公元前四世纪底的道教哲学家庄子认为，通过与道的神秘结合，人可以超越自然，甚至超越生死。

A. dissolve vt. 使溶解；使分解；使液化 B. upraise vt. 提高，抬高；举起，抬起 C. surpass 胜过，超越 D. depress

vt. 压抑；使沮丧；使萧条

7.As economic growth ground to a halt, the local populations grew more and more disaffected. 作为经济增长停滞，当地民众越来越不满。

A. indifferent adj. 漠不关心的；无关紧要的；中性的，中立的 B. resentful 充满愤恨，厌恶 adj. 充满忿恨的；厌恶的 C. unvalued adj. 不受重视的；无价值的；不足道的 D. indignant

adj. 愤愤不平的；义愤的

8.Capitalism was beset by cycles of ”boom and bust”, period if expansion and prosperity followed by economic collapse waves of unemployment.

资本主义被“繁荣与萧条”的循环所困扰，如果扩张和繁荣之后，经济崩溃的失业浪潮。 A. failure n. 失败；故障；失败者；破产

B. transition n. 过渡；转变；[分子生物] 转换；变调 C. loss n. 减少；亏损；失败；遗失 D. depression 不景气

n. 沮丧；忧愁；抑郁症；洼地；不景气；低气压区

9.At that time, life was nearly as taxing for all-black bands: black musicians were required to use kitchen entrances and service elevators, which forced them to confront the ugly realities of racial

12

discrimination.

当时的生活几乎对所有黑人乐队都是艰难的：黑人音乐家被要求使用厨房入口和服务电梯，这迫使他们面对丑陋的种族歧视现实。 A. miserable adj. 悲惨的；痛苦的；卑鄙的

B. hard 费力繁重 adj. 努力的；硬的；困难的；辛苦的；确实的；严厉的；猛烈的；冷酷无情的adv. 努力地；困难地；辛苦地；接近地；猛烈地；牢固地 C. unbearable

D. harsh adj. 严厉的；严酷的；刺耳的；粗糙的；刺目的

10.Modern and implicit censorship has nothing like the power of the old system and contrary opinion is never entirely stifled.

现代的和隐性的审查制度与旧制度的力量没有任何区别，相反的观点从来没有被完全扼杀过。

A. released v. 释放（release的过去式）；已发布 B. arrested adj. 逮捕的；被捕的；被拘留的 C. retarded adj. 智力迟钝的；发展迟缓的 D. prohibited 禁止

adj. 被禁止的

ACBDA CBDBD

1. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, who coined the term flow, which adherents of positive psychology would use to describe the job-induced highs, says that distinction is a false one. \"Anything can be enjoyable if the elements of flow are present,\" he writes in his book Good Business. \"Within that framework, doing a seemingly boring job can be a source of greater fulfillment than one ever thought possible.\"

米哈里·奇凯因特米哈里认为这种区分是错误的。他发明了“强感受” (flow)这个说法, 信奉正面心理学的人常用此词来描述由工作而引发的兴奋状态。在《称心如意的工作》一书中他写道: “只要存在强感受因素, 任何事情都能给 我们带来愉悦。根据这一观点, 从事一份表面看上去枯燥的工作却会给人们带来想象不到的更大的成就感。”

2. But neither the late 1990s boom nor the subsequent bust had much impact in either direction,

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indicating that the state of worker happiness goes much deeper than the swings of the economy. 但是 20 世纪 90 年代后期的经济繁荣和随之而来的经济萧条都没有对员工的两种工作态度产生多大影啊, 这表明工人在工作中是否能获得快乐感有比经济形势更深层的原因。 3. Martina Radix, 41, traded a high-pressure job as an executive assistant at a company where she liked her colleagues for a less taxing position as a clerical worker in a law firm six years ago. She has more time and flexibility but feels stifled by her co-workers and unappreciated by her boss. \"I am a misfit in that department,\" she says. \"No matter how good your personal life is, if you go in to a bad atmosphere at work, it takes away from it.\"

41 岁的马丁娜·蕾迪克斯原是一家公司的经理助理, 虽然工作压力大, 但她和同事相处都很好。6 年前她换了工作, 到一家律师事务所成了一名职位相对清闲的办事员。如今她时间多了, 自由度也大了, 但她感觉和这里的同事共事太压 抑, 也得不到老板的赏识。她说: “我不适应这个部门。不管你个人生活多惬意, 如果工作单位氛围不好, 个人生活就 会大受影响。” 4. In fact, engagement at work is less a function of your personality than is happiness in general. Harter estimates that individual disposition accounts for only about 30% of the difference between employees who are highly engaged and those who are not. The rest of it is shaped by the hundreds of interactions that employees have every day with co-workers, supervisors and customers.

事实上, 对工作的投入与其说是人的个性使然, 不如说是源于人们在工作中总体上感到的快乐。哈特认为, 对工作高度投入与并不投入的员工之间之所以存在差异, 员工的个性只起 30%的作用, 其他的取决于员工每天与同事、主管以 及客户的频繁交往。

5. Until recently, businesspeople would dismiss employee well-being as \"outside their domain and kind of fringe-ish\says Thomas Wright, a professor of organizational behavior at the University of Nevada, Reno.

内华达大学里诺分校的组织行为学教授托马斯·赖特说, 直到不久前, 企业家们还不愿考虑员工是否工作心情舒畅的问题, 认为这“不属于他们关心的范围, 和他们的职责范围相去甚远”

6. But later studies that looked at job-satisfaction ratings were inconsistent. Broader measures of happiness, it turns out, are better predictors of productivity.

但后来对工作满意度的许多研究结果却前后矛盾。现在看来, 用更广泛的衡量标准来评估快乐感受, 能更有效地预测生产率。

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7. But at the very least, businesses could do better just by paying attention to what their employees want and need. Then more of us could find a measure of fulfillment in what we do. And once in a while, we might hope to transcend it all. It can happen on the basketball court, in front of a roaring crowd, or in a classroom, in front of just one grateful student.

但通过关心员工的需求, 至少企业可能发展得更好。那样, 我们更多的人就会在工作中找到一定程度的满足感。而且偶尔我们可能还希望获得最大程度的满足。这种情况可能发生在篮球场上喧闹欢呼的人群前, 也可能发生在教室里, 在仅仅一个充满感激的学生面前。

Lesson8

1.The company began aggressive advertising campaigns, increased its variety of beers, and further expanded its markets. By 1991 Coors beer was available in all 50 states. It also worked to improve its image and quell ongoing boycotts.减轻，消除

该公司开始了积极的广告活动，增加了啤酒的种类，并进一步扩大了市场。到1991年，柯尔斯啤酒在全美50个州都有售。它还努力改善自己的形象，平息持续不断的抵制。 A. investigate v. 调查；研究

B. condemn vt. 谴责；判刑，定罪；声讨

C. crush vt. 压碎；弄皱，变形；使…挤入vi. 挤；被压碎n. 粉碎；迷恋；压榨；拥挤的人群

D. forbid vt. 禁止；不准；不允许；〈正式〉严禁

2. With his strong right-wing views, and close affiliation to the military, he’d long been regarded as a sworn enemy of the people.友好关系，加入，联盟，从属关系

他有着强烈的右翼观点，与军方关系密切，长期以来一直被视为人民的死敌。 A. emotion

n. 情感；情绪

n. 协会，联盟，社团；联合；联想

B. association 联盟

C. communication n. 通讯，[通信] 通信；交流；信函 D. reaction

n. 反应，感应；反动，复古；反作用

3.Adams supported what became known as the Boston tea party, and thereafter he firmly supported the patriotic measures that led step to American independence. 爱国的

亚当斯支持后来被称为“波士顿茶党”(Boston tea party)的组织，此后他坚定地支持导致美国

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的爱国主义措施。

A. passionate adj. 热情的；热烈的，激昂的；易怒的

B. moderate adj. 稳健的，温和的；适度的，中等的；有节制的vi. 变缓和，变弱vt. 节制；减轻

C. radical adj. 激进的；根本的；彻底的 D. nationalistic 爱国的adj. 民族主义的；国家的

4. The best hope is that we will have a rapid mobilization of international opinion in support of the movement.动员，调动

最大的希望是，我们将迅速动员国际支持这一运动。 A. calling up 呼叫 B. bringing up 抚养养育培养 C. catching up 赶上

D. getting up 起床，起立；建造；增加；打扮；伪造

5. When he was there, he often gave food and coins to the destitute children who lived on the street.

当他在那里的时候，他经常给住在街上的贫困儿童食物和硬币。 A. deserted

adj. 荒芜的；被遗弃的

穷困的

B. poor 穷困的 C. homeless

D. despaired n. 绝望；令人绝望的人或事vi. 绝望，丧失信心

6. Combining social commentary with rhythmic lyrics, heavy bass beats, and remixed or original melodies, rap is one of the most controversial of black musical forms.

说唱乐是黑人音乐形式中最具争议的一种，它将社会评论与有节奏的歌词、沉重的低音节拍、混音或原创旋律结合在一起。 A. words 歌词 B. Music C. hand D. dance

7. The history of newspapers, magazines, and other publications in the country has varied. depending upon the level of censorship in the ruling government.审查制度，审查机构

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这个国家的报纸、杂志和其他出版物的历史各不相同。视执政的审查程度而定。 A. support B. sponsor C. control

D. restoration 乱世情缘维新恢复修复

8. The cause of the incidence has been kept off the air in the radio by the administration. 事故发生的原因已被当局从收音机中排除。 A. secret

B. not broadcasted 停播 C. publicized D. not known

9. He took out a court injunction against the newspaper demanding the return of the document.禁令，命令，劝告

他向申请禁制令，要求报社归还文件。 A. sentence B. bias

n. [语][计] 句子，命题；宣判，判决vt. 判决，宣判

n. 赞助者；主办者；保证人vt. 赞助；发起

n. 偏见；偏爱；斜纹；乖离率vt. 使存偏见adj. 偏斜的adv. 偏斜地

C. suspension n. 悬浮；暂停；停职 D. order 命令，劝告

10. A great cheer went up from the crowd as they caught sight of their idol. 当他们看见他们的偶像时，人群中爆发出一片欢呼声。 A. figure B. idea

C. hero 英雄 D. foe

n. 敌人；反对者；危害物

CBDAB ACBDC

1. Every war has had its songs that whipped up patriotic fervor or, in the case of the Vietnam War that encouraged protest against it.

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每场战争都有自己的歌曲来唤起人们的爱国热情或者如在越南战争中鼓励人们反战。 2. The idea is to take a song that people like or that has particular meaning or emotional association for them and use it with new words, hoping that some of the liking, meaning, or emotional associations will transfer to the new ideas being communicated. And it often works. 改词是把一首人们喜爱或者对他们具有特殊意义或感情色彩的歌曲填上新词，希望把这种喜爱、意义或感情色彩带到正在传播的新观念中。通常这种方法很奏效。

3. As a result, a number of community and national groups have applied pressure on stations to keep these songs and performers off the air. These charges also stimulated investigations by the Federal Communications Commission, the regulatory agency charged with overseeing broadcast practices.

结果一些社团和全国性团体向电台或电视台施加压力让他们禁播这些演员的节目。这些指控也促使负责广播业的监管机构联邦通讯委员会开始进行调查。

4. Does it mean a station should permit no language or ideas in a song that it would not permit on the news or in a sports program? Or does it mean the station should recognize that different forms of communication or entertainment, or programs designed for different kinds of audiences, should have different standards concerning language and ideas?

这是否意味着在广播电台或电视台播放的歌曲中不允许出现那些在新闻或体育节目中禁止出现的语言和观念？或者这是否意味着电台或电视台应该承认不同的交流或娱乐形式，或 是为不同听众设计的节目，在语言和观念上应该具有不同的标准？

5. One author has suggested that popular music also serves a \"rite of passage\" function for young girls. The teenage singing idols may serve as non-threatening substitutes for actual boys until boys' maturation catches up with that of girls and some semblance of easy boy-girl relationships can be established.

一位作者指出流行音乐也成了女孩子们成熟的标志。在同龄男孩子成长为像女孩子那样成熟并能较容易地与女孩子建立朋友关系之前，少年歌星可能会成为不会对女孩子形成威胁 的男友的替身。

Lesson11

1.He has got the key to the apartment eventually. And on the way home he could envision the

18

smile on his wife’s face.

他终于拿到了公寓的钥匙。在回家的路上，他可以想象妻子脸上的笑容。 A.foresee B.imagine C.memorize

vt. 记住，背熟；记忆 vt. 预见；预知

D.recall vt. 召回；回想起，记起；取消n. 召回；回忆；撤消

2.She opened the refrigerator and took a bottle of cold mineral water to quench her thirst. 她打开冰箱，拿了一瓶冰镇矿泉水解渴。 A.ease 地移动 B.grip

n. 紧握；柄；支配；握拍方式；拍柄绷带vt. 紧握；夹紧vi. 抓住

vt. 释放；发射；让与；允许发表n. 释放；发布；让与

vt. 减轻，缓和；使安心n. 轻松，舒适；安逸，悠闲vi. 减轻，缓和；放松；灵活

C.release

D.query n. 疑问，质问；疑问号 ；[计] 查询vt. 询问；对……表示疑问vi. 询问；表示怀疑 3.”Man’s ingenuity has outrun his intelligence.”(Joseph Wood Krutch) “人类的聪明才智已经超过了他的智力。””(约瑟夫·伍德克鲁奇) A. outwitted v. 瞒骗，以智取胜；青出于蓝（outwit的过去分词） B. excelled

v. 优于；超过；超越（excel的过去分词形式）；胜过

C. output n. 输出，输出量；产量；出产vt. 输出

D. exceeded adj. 非常的；过度的；溢出的v. 超过（exceed的过去分词）；越出

4.After that, the airhostess continued to demonstrate how to inflate the life-jacket in an emergency.

之后，空姐继续演示如何在紧急情况下给救生衣充气。 A. blow up B. take up C. break up D. make up

爆发，爆炸；放大；使充气

拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方) 打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落 组成；补足；化妆；编造

5.The unsuccessful democratic candidate seemed oblivious of the fact that he stood for no chance in running for governor.

这位失败的民主党候选人似乎没有意识到他竞选州长毫无希望。 A. preoccupied

adj. 全神贯注的；心事重重的；被先占的v. 抢先占有；使…全神贯注

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（preoccupy的过去式）

B. thrilled adj. 非常兴奋的；极为激动的v. 激动（thrill的过去式）；[医] 震颤 C. insensitive adj. 感觉迟钝的，对…没有感觉的 D. unaware

adj. 不知道的，无意的；未察觉到的adv. 意外地；不知不觉地

6.Most of the citizens in that country have already felt the pressure of soaring inflation because of the changes in economic policy after the financial crisis in Asia.

由于亚洲金融危机后经济的变化，那个国家的大多数公民已经感受到了通货膨胀飙升的压力。

A. rising n. 上升；起床；造反adj. 上升的；上涨的；新兴的adv. 接近v. 上升（rise的ing形式）

B. roaring adj. 喧闹的；兴胜的；狂风暴雨的n. 咆哮；怒吼；吼声v. 怒吼（uproar的现在分词）

C. progressing n. 进步，发展；前进vi. 前进，进步；进行

D. amounting vi. 总计，合计；相当于；共计；产生…结果n. 数量；总额，总数 7.When men are most sure and arrogant, they are commonly most mistaken. 当人们最自信、最傲慢的时候，他们通常最容易犯错。 A. polite adj. 有礼貌的，客气的；文雅的；上流的；优雅的 B. obedient adj. 顺从的，服从的；孝顺的 C. proud adj. 自豪的；得意的；自负的 D. courteous adj. 有礼貌的；谦恭的

8.This untutored mathematician has an obsession with numbers. 这位没有受过教育的数学家对数字很着迷。 A. imagination n. [心理] 想象力；空想；幻想物 B. addiction n. 上瘾，沉溺；癖嗜 C. hatred n. 憎恨；怨恨；敌意

D. sense n. 感觉，功能；观念；道理；理智vt. 感觉到；检测

9.You should not be afraid to aim high in the quest for an improvement in your income. 为了提高你的收入，你不应该害怕志存高远。 A. pursuit n. 追赶，追求；职业，工作 B. belief n. 相信，信赖；信仰；教义

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C. claim vi. 提出要求vt. 要求；声称；需要；认领n. 要求；声称；索赔；断言；值得 D. realization n. 实现；领悟

10.She was blinded by the glitter and the glamour of her own life. 她被自己生活的光辉和魅力所蒙蔽。

A. spectacle景象，场面，景色；戏剧；演出，表演 B. brilliance n. 光辉；才华；宏伟 C. hardship n. 困苦；苦难；艰难险阻

D. defeat vt. 击败，战胜；挫败；使…失败n. 失败的事实；击败的行为

BADAD ACBAB

1. His palms were sweating. He needed a towel to dry his grip. A glass of ice water quenched his thirst but hardly cooled his intensity. The Astroturf he sat on was as hot as the competition he faced today at the National Junior Olympics.

他的手心在出汗。他需要一条毛巾擦一擦撑杆的握柄。一杯冰水使他不再感到口渴，却很难缓解他的紧张感。他坐在阿斯特罗牌的人造草皮上，草皮就像今天全国少年奥运会中的 这场比赛一样热。

2. All of Michael's vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work. If Michael stone was surprised, thrilled or arrogant about clearing the bar at 17 feet, you couldn't tell.

今天在撑杆跳中的一切表现似乎是辛苦锻炼的回报。迈克尔•斯通跃过了 17 英尺高的横杆，却看不出他是惊喜、激动还是洋洋自得。

3. Everything seemed to be moving in slow motion. The air around him was the purest and freshest he had ever sensed. Michael was soaring with the majesty of an eagle.

一切仿佛都慢了下来，他从未感到周围的空气如此纯净、如此清新。迈克尔用鹰一般的傲岸身姿腾空而起。

4. It was either the eruption of the people in the stands or the thump of his landing that brought Michael back to earth.

要么是看台上山鸣海啸般的欢呼，要么是他落地时的砰然之声，使得迈克尔回过神来。 5. Michael was immediately swarmed with people hugging and congratulating him on the

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greatest accomplishment of his life.

迈克尔立刻被蜂拥而至的人们围住，人们拥抱他，祝贺他取得一生中最出色的成绩。 6. The light breeze that was once there was now gone. He could feel a trickle of cold sweat running down his back. He carefully picked up his pole. He felt his heart pounding. He was sure the crowd did, too. The silence was deafening. When he heard the singing of some distant robins in flight, he knew it was his time to fly.

刚才的那阵微风已经过去了。他能感觉到冷汗在后背上一滴一滴地流淌着。他小心翼翼地拿起撑杆。他感到心在砰砰地跳，他相信观众也是如此。全场鸦雀无声。听到远处飞翔的知更鸟鸣时，他知道该是他起飞的时候了。

7. With all media attention, endorsement possibilities and swarming herds of heartfelt congratulations, Michael's life would never be the same.

有大众媒体的关注，或许还有赞助，以及纷至沓来的由衷祝贺，迈克尔的生活将从此改变。

第一单元

1：展出的作品并非围绕着一个主题，而是不同时期的经典作品，有一些甚至是世界艺术的顶尖之作。

The pieces on view are not grouped around any one theme, but rather represent superb examples from various periods, some of which place near the top of the world art.

2：这绝对是该产业在进入新信息时代之前建立这样一个体系的最后机会了。

This is absolutely the last chance for the industry to establish such a system prior to the new information age.

3：他们估计，生日对老年人产生的年龄压力对越来越多的中风和心脏病突发有一定的影响。

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They suspect that the birthday-related stress to older people may play a part in the more and more stroke and heart attack.

4：然后我给自己在星巴克买了杯咖啡，长长的叹了口气，继续打拼！ Then I bought myself a cup of coffee at Starbucks, sighing a long sigh, and went on toiling away!

5：言外之意似乎是经济改革和民主化进程是不可能同时进行的，因而他不得不放弃他最初的计划。

The implication seemed to be that it is impossible to pursue economic reform and democracy simultaneously, so he had to abandon his original plan. 第二单元

1：你现在说的话与你上星期说过的话不相符。

What you are saying at the moment is not consistent with what you said last week.

2：为了让计算机充分发挥作用，程序员就得像计算机一样思考。 To make the computer work at full capacity, the programmer has to think like the machine.

3：澳大利亚游泳运动非常普及，奥运金牌是他们游泳成绩的最好见证。

Australia is a nation of swimmers and Olympic medals attest to their performance in the pool.

4：为了保证救助艾滋病儿童的新项目获得资金，他不知疲倦，夜以

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继日地工作。

He was working day and night tirelessly to secure funding for new projects which are aimed at helping HIV children.

5：女性倾向于将她们的成功归因于外部因素，比如运气。 Women tend to attribute their success to external factors such as luck. 第三单元

1：居住环境的差异通常反映了居民收入的差距。

The differences of housing environments usually reflect the gap between the inhabitants’ incomes.

2：这位小说家将他的成功归功于自己长期对普通人生活的细致观察和多年的勤奋写作。

The novelist owed his achievements to his long-term thorough observation of the lives of ordinary people and his diligence on writing for years.

3：有限的资源，无论是预算，还是人力或物质等资源，都有可能引发利益竞争和谈判需求。

Limited resources, whether they are budgetary, human, or material, are what most often give rise to interests competition and the need for negotiation.

4：为了尽快养活一大家人，他只好降低薪酬要求以迎合公司的条件。 In order to raise the large family soon, he had to lower his demands for wages and payments to cater for company’s conditions.

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5：关于是否投资海外市场，公司内部一直有谈论。

The debate continues as to whether the corporate should invest on overseas markets. 第四单元

1：反复咨询律师后，艾米核实了上周六的交通事故赔偿总额，共计800美元。

After consulting the lawyer repeatedly, Amy verified that the total compensation for the traffic accident last Saturday amounted to 800. 2：作为新的环保大使，他们决定继续向公众推广并普及所谓的低碳生活方式。

To serve as new Green Ambassadors, they decided to continually generalize and popularize the so-called low carbon life to the public. 3：在提克里克发生的人肉袭击导致了63人死亡；数百万公民拒绝向恐怖主义屈服，坚持走自由与民主的道路。

The suicide bomber caused deaths of 63 people in Tikrit; millions of citizens refused to surrender to terrorism and adhered to the path of freedom and democracy.

4：作为法律意义上的公民，我们不仅应该呼吁社会公平，捍卫个利，更要履行我们的社会义务。

As citizens in the sense of law, we should not only call for social equity and stand up for individual rights, but also perform social obligations. 5：伊丽莎白二世于1952年继承王位。她在2002年举行50年周年庆

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典时巡游了全英国，并对多个英联邦国家进行了国事访问。 Elizabeth 2 succeeded to the throne in 1952, She undertook an extensive tour of the United Kingdom when she held her Golden Jubilee in 2002; she paid her state visits to many Commonwealth countries. 第五单元

1：今天很荣幸能和你们，来自世界名校的毕业生们，一块儿参加你们的毕业典礼。

I’m honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the most famous universities in the world.

2：所有的工人都必须组织成一个联合工会以废除剥削。

All workers must organize into a common union to abolish exploitation. 3：我们将办一个派对，庆祝他升职。

We will throw a party to congratulate him on his promotion.

4：像好多父母一样，你可能发现自己也在为孩子寻求他们能参加的，花费不大的活动。

As many parents, you are likely to find yourself hunting for inexpensive activities in which your children can participate. 5：他坚持认为应该允许更多的会员加入俱乐部。 He argued that more members should be admitted to the club. 第六单元

1：在1300万美国人都在找工作的情况下，很显然，迫切需要创造更多的就业机会。

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With 13 million Americans looking for jobs, there is an obviously pressing need for creating more employment opportunities.

2：这份报告警告说，当前的金融危机不能成为把气候问题放在次要位置的借口。

This report warns that current financial crisis cannot be an excuse to put climate issues on the back burner.

3：对我们提出的方法，如果没有他的信任和信心，我们将停留在概念阶段。

Without his trust and confidence in our proposed approach, we would still stay at conceptual phase.

4：当我们看见狮子和北极熊，会感叹于这些动物怎么能这么适应热带草原和极地冰盖。

When we see lions and polar bears, we will marvel at how well these animals have adapted themselves to the savannah and the polar ice caps.

5：如果我明白你说的意思，这一项目的花费似乎比我们的预计要多。 It seems the project is going to cost more than we through, if I get the drift of what you’re telling us.

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