同位语从句语法专题讲解样稿

高中英语语法专题讲解

专题二、同位语从句
一、同位语从句概述
同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容从句，常见能够被同位语从句修饰名词有：belief,chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise等。引导同位语从句词有连词that,whether和副词how,when, where等。

二、同位语从句
（1） 同位语从句是意义完整陈说句时，用连词that引导。注：that在从句中不充当任 何成份，只起连接作用，通常不省略。

eg：Igot the news thathe would come to see me the next week.

（2） 同位语从句是疑问句时，应依据语境选择who,when ,where, how, whether(不能用if)等词来引导。

eg：Thequestion whois the best for the job requires consideration.

（3） 分隔式同位语从句：当主句谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为了使句子保持平

衡，常把同位语从句后置。

eg：Anidea came to himthathe could buy her a diamond ring.

（4） 后面常跟同位语词有：doubt,fact, hope, idea, message, news, possibility, promise, question,suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish等。

(should) +动词原形

eg：Hemade the suggestionthatthe meeting(should) be put off.

三、同位语从句和定语从句区分
（1）所表示内容不一样：同位语从句和定语从句通常是放在某一名词后面，但同位语

从句是对该名词解释和说明，而定语从句是对该名词修饰，说明它性质特征。eg：Thefact thathe presentedwas a strong proof.

Thefact thatshe hadn’t said anything surprisedus all.

（2） 在句中所起语法作用不一样：引导定语从句that是关系代词，它作用是连接主句 和从句，并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成份，而且that作宾语时可省略，指物 时，能够用which替换。引导同位语从句that是连词，只起连接主句和从句作用， 它不充当任何成份，不能省略，也不可被which替换
eg：Weexpressed the hope thatMr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year.

Thenewsthat we heardspread all over the city.

（3）所修饰词不尽相同：同位语从句所修饰名词数量有限，往往是含有某种信息词，如：message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion,
order,belief, doubt, fear, truth, throught等，而定语从句修饰先行词无此。

（4） wh-引导词引导同位语从句时，有其本身疑问含义；引导定语从句时则没有疑问意

思。

eg：Ihave no idea where the meeting will be held.

Heis the only one of these boys who can speak Franch.

◆跟踪练习：
1、Thereis no obvious evidence_____ there is life on any other planet in thesolar system.

A.which B.that C. how D. where

2、Myfriend showed me round the town, _____was very kind of him.

A.which B. that C. where D. it

3、Manychildren, _____parents are away working in big cities,are taken goodcare of in the

village.

A.their B. whose C. of them D.with whom

4、Manyyoung people in the West are expected to leave _____ could be life’smost important

decision—marriage---almostentirely up to luck.

A.as B.that C.which D. what

定语从句及同位语从句专项训练[ ] 1. That is _____ he said.

A. all what

B. all which

C. all that

D. all which

[ ] 2. These are things and persons ___I’ve heard of.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. that

[ ] 3. Please tell me everything ___you know.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. all what

[ ]4. We know the fact ___he has gone to college.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. why

[ ] 5.I received the news ____Xiao Ping had passed away.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. in which

[ ] 6. This is the thing ___he referred to.

A. who

B. whom

C./

D. what

[ ] 7. This is the building, in front of ____there is a dog lying onthe ground.

A. that

B. which

C. it

D./

[ ] 8. Those are the students, most of ____are very active.

A. that

B. them

C. which

D. whom.

[ ] 9. The girl ___father lives in Beijing won the first prize inmaths.

A. who

B. whose

C. whom

D that

[ ] 10. The factory ___we work is very big..

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. who

[ ] 11. The factory ___we visited is very big.

A. that

B. where

C. in which

D.

on

which

[ ] 12. This is the day ___we joined the army.

A. which

B. that

C. when

D. in which

[ ] 13. The days ___we spent last year will not be forgotten.

A. that

B. on which

C. in which

D.

when

[ ] 14. He has such a book ___I borrowed from the library.

A. which

B. that

C. as

D. what

[ ] 15. He made the same progress ___I did in my entranceexamination..

A. what

B. that

C. on which

D. as

[ ] 16. The reason ___he gave me was not reasonable.

A. that

B. why

C. for

D. for which

[ ] 17. September 18, 1913 is the day _____we’ll never forget.

A. that

B. when

C. on which

D. on that

[ ] 18. I remember the day ___I first came to the college.

A. on which

B. in which

C. which

D. that

[ ] 19. Is this factory ___we visited last year?

A. where

B. in which

C. the one

D. at which

[ ] 20. Is this the factory ___your father worked?

A. where

B. which

C. of which

D. in that

[ ] 21. This is the factory ___we visited the day before yesterday.

A. where

B. which

C. the one

D. at which

[ ] 22. Is this the factory ____colour TV sets are produced?

A. that

B. which

C. in which

D. in that

[ ] 23. Where is the window ___glass is broken?

A. which

B. that

C. whose

D. its

[ ] 24. The book, the cover___is broken, is not mine.

A. of it

B. for

C. whose

D. of which

[ ] 25. His father is an engineer, ___makes him very proud.

A. for what

B. which

C. that

D. what

[ ]26.That was the reason ____Mac refused to speak at the meeting.

A. why

B. that

C. which

D. of which

[ ] 27. The knife ___ we cut the bread is very sharp.

A. with which

B. that which

C. which with

D. which

[ ] 28. Is there anything ___I can do for you?

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. whom

[ ] 29.This is the fact ___he is very smart.

[ ] 30. I got the news ___he will go abroad.

[ ] 31. This is the worker, ___the book was written.

A. who

B. whom

C. of

D. by whom

[ ] 32. This is the reason ___ he was put into prison.

A.of it

B. for it

C. in which

D. for which

[ ] 33. My father made a promise __he would buy me a toll.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. when

▲历届高考题

[ ] 1.A child ___parents are dead is called an orphan.

A. which

B. his

C. whose

D.with

[ ] 2. All ____ is needed is a supply of oil

A. the thing

B. that

C. what

D. which

[ ] 3. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of_____hadn’t been

cleanedfor at least a year.

A. these

B. those

C. that

D. which

[ ] 4. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______family waspoor

A. of whom

B. whom

C. of whose

D. whose

[ ] 5. She heard a terrible noise, ____brought her heart into hermouth

A. it

B. which

C. this

D.that

[ ] 6. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _____came assurprise

A. it

B. that

C. which

D. he

[ ] 7. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____shecould turn for help.

A. that

B. who

C. from whom

D. to whom

[ ] 8. ___is mentioned above, the number of the students in seniorhigh school is

interesting.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

[ ] 9 These houses are sold at such a low price ___ people expected

A. like

B. as

C. that

D. which

[] 10.John said he’d been working in the office for an hour,______was true

[ ] 11.Is this the house ___Shakespeare was born ?

A. at where

B. which

C. in which

D. at which